Table 2 Prevalence of daily smoking [95% c.i.] by individual characteristics and the distribution of study population over the categories
From: Smoking in context – a multilevel approach to smoking among females in Helsinki
Variable | Prevalence of daily smoking [95% C.I.] | N (%) | p-value (Pearson's χ2) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age | < 0.0001 | ||
40 | 22.5 [19.6–25.4] | 822 (20.0) | |
45 | 29.3 [26.3–32.3] | 897 (21.8) | |
50 | 25.4 [22.6–28.2] | 913 (22.2) | |
55 | 19.5 [17.1–22.1] | 989 (24.0) | |
60 | 12.2 [9.3–15.1] | 492 (12.0) | |
Education | < 0.0001 | ||
elementary | 33.8 [30.6–37.0] | 841 (20.4) | |
vocational | 27.2 [24.3–30.1] | 880 (21.4) | |
secondary | 20.6 [18.5–22.7] | 1377 (33.5) | |
university degree | 12.4 [10.4–14.4] | 1015 (24.7) | |
Occupational SES | < 0.0001 | ||
manual | 34.6 [30.3–38.9] | 463 (11.3) | |
routine non-manual | 27.9 [25.8–30.0] | 1759 (42.8) | |
semi-professional | 17.1 [14.5–19.7] | 776 (18.9) | |
managerial/professional | 13.5 [11.4–15.4] | 1115 (27.1) | |
Family type | < 0.0001 | ||
single | 23.2 [20.2–26.2] | 775 (18.8) | |
single parent | 32.4 [27.2–37.4] | 327 (8.0) | |
2 or more adults + no children | 22.9 [20.8–25.0] | 1544 (37.5) | |
2 or more adults + children | 20.0 [18.0–22.0] | 1467 (35.7) | |
ALL | 22.7 [21.4–24.0] | 4113 (100) |