Table 1 Characteristics of the sample that include gender, age, number of chronic diseases, socio-economic factors and depression
Prevalence/Mean(SD) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Total (n = 3394) | Male (n = 1901) | Female (n = 1493) | p-value* |
Male | 1901 (56.0%) | |||
Female | 1493 (44.0%) | |||
Age | 0.1061 | |||
65–69 | 1211 (35.7%) | 649 (34.1%) | 562 (37.6%) | |
70–74 | 1204 (35.5%) | 689 (36.2%) | 515 (34.5%) | |
75 or above | 979 (28.9%) | 563 (29.6%) | 416 (27.9%) | |
Geriatric Depression Scale | 2.9 (2.8) | 2.9 (2.8) | 2.8 (2.7) | 0.2322 |
Depression (GDS score ≥ 8) | 280 (8.3%) | 154 (8.1%) | 126 (8.4%) | 0.7221 |
No. of chronic diseases | <.0001 | |||
0 | 355 (10.5%) | 242 (12.7%) | 113 (7.6%) | |
1 | 733 (21.6%) | 411 (21.6%) | 322 (21.6%) | |
2 | 867 (25.6%) | 491 (25.8%) | 376 (25.2%) | |
3 or more | 1439 (42.4%) | 757 (39.8%) | 682 (45.7%) | |
Current marital status | <.0001 | |||
Married or living in a married-like relationship | 2541 (74.9%) | 1680 (88.4%) | 861 (57.7%) | |
Widowed | 705 (20.8%) | 144 (7.6%) | 561 (37.6%) | |
Separated | 44 (1.3%) | 21 (1.1%) | 23 (1.5%) | |
Divorced | 33 (1.0%) | 15 (0.8%) | 18 (1.2%) | |
Single, never married | 71 (2.1%) | 41 (2.2%) | 30 (2.0%) | |
Education level | <.0001 | |||
No education | 494 (14.6%) | 82 (4.3%) | 412 (27.6%) | |
Primary or below | 1791 (52.8%) | 1040 (54.7%) | 751 (50.3%) | |
Secondary or above | 1109 (32.7%) | 779 (41.0%) | 330 (22.1%) | |
Max income a | <.0001 | |||
0–1999 | 596 (23.3%) | 145 (9.1%) | 451 (46.6%) | |
2000–5999 | 579 (22.6%) | 292 (18.4%) | 287 (29.7%) | |
6000–11999 | 688 (26.9%) | 541 (34.1%) | 147 (15.2%) | |
12000 or above | 694 (27.1%) | 611 (38.5%) | 83 (8.6%) | |
SES ladder – Hong Kong | 4.5 (1.9) | 4.5 (1.8) | 4.7 (1.9) | 0.0016 |
SES ladder – community | 6.8 (2.2) | 6.3 (2.2) | 7.3 (2.1) | <.0001 |