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Table 1 Distribution of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics by disease site*.

From: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus, and foreign birth in North Carolina, 1993 – 2006

Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics

All TB cases (%) N = 6,124

EPTB (%) N = 1,366

PTB (%) N = 4,758

Verification†

   

   Laboratory

5,143 (84.0)

1.057 (77.4)

4,086 (85.9)

   Clinically

742 (12.1)

163 (11.9)

579 (12.2)

   Provider diagnosis

239 (3.9)

146 (10.7)

93 (2.0)

HIV status

   

   Positive

563 (9.2)

151 (11.1)

412 (8.7)

   Negative

3,388 (55.3)

757 (55.4)

2,631 (55.3)

   Not tested

2,173 (35.5)

458 (33.5)

1,715 (36.0)

Foreign-birth status

   

   Foreign

1,299 (21.2)

402 (29.4)

897 (18.9)

   United States

4,821 (78.7)

964 (70.6)

3,857 (81.1)

   Missing

4 (0.1)

0 (0.0)

4 (0.1)

Sex

   

   Female

2,123 (34.7)

633 (46.3)

1,490 (31.3)

   Male

4,001 (65.3)

733 (53.7)

3,268 (68.7)

Time in US ‡

   

   0 – 1 years

384 (29.6)

84 (20.9)

300 (33.4)

   2 – 5 years

446 (34.3)

136 (33.8)

310 (34.6)

   >5 years

443 (34.1)

174 (43.3)

269 (30.0)

   Missing

26 (2.0)

8 (2.0)

18 (2.0)

Age (years)

   

   0 – 4

150 (2.5)

29 (2.1)

121 (2.5)

   5 – 14

136 (2.2)

33 (2.4)

103 (2.2)

   15 – 24

422 (6.9)

112 (8.2)

310 (6.5)

   25 – 44

1,872 (30.6)

459 (33.6)

1,413 (29.7)

   45 – 64

1,753 (28.6)

334 (24.5)

1,419 (29.8)

   65+

1,790 (39.23)

399 (29,2)

1,391 (29.2)

   Missing

1 (0.0)

 

1 (0.0)

Previous TB disease

   

   Yes

334 (5.5)

70 (5.1)

264 (5.6)

   No

5,783 (94.4)

1,293 (94.7)

4,490 (94.4)

   Missing

7 (0.1)

3 (0.2)

4 (0.1)

Homeless

   

   Yes

410 (6.7)

35 (2.6)

375 (7.9)

   No

5,681 (92.8)

1,321 (96.7)

4,360 (91.6)

   Missing

33 (0.5)

10 (0.7)

23 (0.5)

Drug use (injecting)

   

   Yes

98 (1.6)

16 (1.2)

82 (1.7)

   No

5,255 (85.8)

1,205 (88.2)

4,050 (85.1)

   Missing

771 (12.6)

145 (10.6)

626 (13.2)

Drug use (non-injecting)

   

   Yes

580 (9.5)

71 (5.2)

509 (10.7)

   No

4,785 (78.1)

1,150 (84.2)

3,635 (76.4)

   Missing

759 (12.4)

145 (10.6)

614 (12.9)

Excess alcohol use

   

   Yes

1,255 (20.5)

124 (9.1)

1,131 (23.8)

   No

4,137 (67.6)

1,104 (80.8)

3,033 (63.8)

   Missing

732 (12.0)

138 (10.1)

594 (12.5)

  1. * Excluding 292 (4.6%) with concomitant pulmonary and extrapulmonary disease.
  2. † Laboratory: positive M. tuberculosis culture or positive acid-fast stain; Clinical: positive tuberculin skin test, signs and symptoms consistent with TB, treatment with TB medication, and a completed diagnostic evaluation; Provider: cases that do not meet the laboratory or clinical case definition, but have a clinical picture consistent with TB.
  3. ‡ Time in US prior to diagnosis among foreign born cases (n = 1,299).
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