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Table 3 Associations between low birth weight, prematurity, and tobacco exposure

From: Prevalence of maternal smoking and environmental tobacco smoke exposure during pregnancy and impact on birth weight: retrospective study using Millennium Cohort

 

Non-smoker, non ETS exposed

Non-smoker ETS exposed

Active smoker

Low birth weight

N = 8091

N = 2256

N = 6395

Birth weight < 2.5 Kg % †

4.4

6.0

8.3

Crude Odds Ratio compared to Non-Smoker, Non ETS exposed (95% CI)

1

1.39 (1.10, 1.77)

p = 0.007

1.97 (1.68, 2.32)

p < 0.001

Adjusted Odds Ratio * (95% CI)

1

1.23 (0.96, 1.58)

p = 0.10

1.92 (1.60,2.29)

p < 0.001

Prematurity

N = 8032

N = 2230

N = 6339

Gestation < 37 weeks % †

6.1

7.5

8.1

Crude Odds Ratio compared to Non-Smoker, Non ETS exposed (95% CI)

1

1.26 (1.01,1.57)

p = 0.04

1.36 (1.17, 1.58)

p < 0.001

Adjusted Odds Ratio * (95% CI)

1

1.21 (0.96, 1.51)

p = 0.11

1.25 (1.05, 1.48)

p = 0.013

  1. * Adjustment was made for Maternal Age, BMI, parity, alcohol use, maternal education, income, ethnicity, gestational diabetes
  2. † All results are adjusted for the sampling design