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Table 7 Folic acid deficiency and low zinc concentration by iron status

From: Prevalence of anemia and deficiency of iron, folic acid, and zinc in children younger than 2 years of age who use the health services provided by the Mexican Social Security Institute

 

Regular Regimen (RR)

Iron status

Folic acid deficiency by iron status h

n= 2025

N= 856,699

Low zinc concentration by iron statusi

n= 2268

N= 996,996

 

Cases/ n

N

%f

95% CI

Cases/ n

N

%g

95% CI

Normala

91/1135

493903

8.3

2.5, 24.1

328/1264

567943

26.1

19.4, 34.1

Iron deficiency without anemiab

43/474

194059

10.8

3.8, 26.9

130/515

216433

25.8

18.4, 34.9

Anemiac

80/416

168736

19.3

10.5, 32.8

139/489

212621

30.2

22.1, 39.3

Iron deficiency anemia d

39/214

84405

18.5

10.9, 29.7

76/246

105359

32.7

23.0, 44.3

Anemia due to other causes e

41/202

84331

20.1

8.9, 39.5

63/243

107262

27.8

18.3, 39.8

IMSS-Oportunidades (IO)

Iron status

Folic acid deficiency by iron status h

n = 1062

N = 88,848

Low zinc concentration by iron status i

n = 1214

N = 92,310

 

Cases/ n

N

% f

95% CI

Cases/ n

N

% g

95% CI

Normala

27/517

55564

8.8

2.6, 25.5

128/616

56805

11.4

5.3, 22.8

Iron deficiency without anemiab

8/298

18733

8.3

1.5, 34.5

80/334

19425

9.9

6.2, 15.4

Anemiac

18/247

14550

12.8

2.4, 46.8

85/264

16080

15.1

7.9, 26.8

Iron deficiency anemia d

11/122

6143

23.8

6.0, 60.5

39/128

6753

8.2

3.8, 16.7

Anemia due to other causes e

7/125

8407

4.8

0.3, 45.8

46/136

9327

20.1

8.8, 39.5

  1. N Population size (expanded sample)
  2. a Hemoglobin above the cut-off point for anemia and ferritin > = 10 μg/L
  3. b Ferritin < 10 μg/L and Hb > = cut-off for anemia
  4. c Hb < cut-off for anemia
  5. d Ferritin < 10 μg/L and Hb < cut-off for anemia
  6. e Ferritin ≥ 10 μg/L and Hb < cut-off for anemia
  7. f Comparing folic acid deficiency between iron status, RR p = 0.102; IO p = 0.208
  8. g Comparing low zinc concentration between iron status, RR p = 0.444; IO p = 0.238
  9. h Comparing folic acid deficiency between RR and IO according to iron status (p = 0.387)
  10. i Comparing low zinc concentration between RR and IO according to iron status (p = 0.220)