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Table 1 Sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics (SHA), opioids, and other medicaments users

From: Sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic and opioid medicament use and its co-occurrence with tobacco smoking and alcohol risk drinking in a community sample

 

Men

Women

 

SHAa

Opioidsb

Other medicaments

No medicaments

Total

SHAa

Opioidsb

Other medicaments

No medicaments

Total

Total

2.1

0.9

55.8

41.2

100.0

3.5

1.5

60.6

34.4

100.0

All individuals

Chi2 27.5; df 3; p < 0.001; w .08

All medicament users

Chi2 6.6; df 2; p <.05; w .05

Age (years)

          

   20–39

1.5

0.5

31.5

66.5

100.0

1.0

1.1

39.9

58.0

100.0

   40–59

1.0

1.2

47.7

50.1

100.0

3.0

1.7

62.6

32.8

100.0

   60–79

3.8

0.9

82.7

12.6

100.0

6.8

1.6

80.3

11.3

100.0

All individuals

Chi2 490.5; df 6; p < 0.001; w .46

Chi2 367.5; df 6; p < 0.001; w.40

All medicament users

Chi2 7.7; df 4; ns; w .08

Chi2 13.7; df 4; p < 0.01; w .10

Education (years)

          

   < 10

2.9

0.8

69.6

26.7

100.0

5.8

1.8

74.4

18.0

100.0

   10

1.8

1.1

43.2

53.9

100.0

2.0

1.6

51.0

45.4

100.0

   > 10

1.0

0.6

51.4

47.0

100.0

2.0

0.3

57.5

40.3

100.0

All individuals

Chi2 149.5; df 6; p < 0.001; w .26

Chi2 181.1; df 6; p < 0.001; w.28

All medicament users

Chi2 5.4; df 4; ns; w .07

Chi2 13.4; df 4; p < 0.01; w .09

  1. Row per cent. Among the total sample, opioid users were identified. Among all non-opioid users, SHA users were identified.
  2. Among all individuals who used neither opioids nor SHA, other medicament users were identified.
  3. Chi2: Likelihood chi2-test, significance levels: p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.05, ns not significant.
  4. df degrees of freedom.
  5. w Cohen's w [20].
  6. a Sedatives, hypnotics, or anxiolytics: ATC groups N01AF, N01AG, N03AA, N05CA, N05CB, N03AE, N05BA, N05CD, N05CF, N05BC, N05CE, N05CM, N05CX [13] during the past 7 days prior to the health examination.
  7. b ATC groups A07DA52, N01AH, N02AA, N02AB, N02AC, N02AD, N02AE, N02AF, N02AG, N02AX, N02CX58 [13] during the past 7 days prior to the health examination.