Table 3 Urinary concentration of 1-hydroxypyrene (1OHP) and extent of primary DNA damage in peripheral blood leukocytes in exposed workers and control subjects. Data reported as the group mean values (± SEM) of individual: urinary concentration of 1OHP (expressed as μg 1OHP/g creatinine), averaged tail intensity values (% of DNA migrated in the comet tail evaluated in 150 cells) and number of AST.

Exposed

   Total

2.64 ± 0.29*

5,28 ± 0,21*

11,75 ± 0,81*

   ≤ 40 years

2,96 ± 0,43*

4,63 ± 0,36

9,59 ± 1,35

   > 40 years

2,49 ± 0,37*

5,58 ± 0,26*

12,73 ± 0,99*

   Employment ≤ 10 years

2,23 ± 0,34

4,90 ± 0,29

10,14 ± 1,16

   Employment > 10 years

2,84 ± 0,40

5,47 ± 0,28

12,55 ± 1,05

   Non smokers

2.85 ± 0.47*

5.47 ± 0.30*

12,81 ± 1,14*

   Smokers

2.43 ± 0.34*

5.11 ± 0.31

10,71 ± 1,14*

Controls

   Total

0.15 ± 0.02

4,33 ± 0,22

7,50 ± 0,98

   ≤ 40 years

0.17 ± 0.03

4.34 ± 0.35

6,83 ± 1,51

   > 40 years

0,14 ± 0,02

4,33 ± 0,28

7,88 ± 1,29

   Non smokers

0.10 ± 0.02

4.23 ± 0.31

8,36 ± 1,60

   Smokers

0.20 ± 0.02^§

4.44 ± 0.32

6,60 ± 1,12