0–3 hours versus non-exposure was 0.11 (95% CI: 0.07 to 0.17) and for more than 3 hours, 0.12 (95% CI: 0.09 to 0.18). For fairly high exposure in bars and restaurants versus non-exposure, the OR in the former was 0.30 (95% CI: 0.20 to 0.44) and in the latter was 0.24 (95% CI: 0.18 to 0.32); for very high exposure versus non-exposure they were 0.16 (95% CI: 0.10 to 0.24) and 0.11 (95% CI: 0.07 to 0.19), respectively. These results were similar for the smoking and non-smoking populations. Conclusion A considerable reduction in exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in the workplace and, to a lesser extent, in bars and restaurants, is related to the implementation of the "Tobacco control law". Although only initial figures, these results already demonstrate the effectiveness of strategies that establish control measures to guarantee smoke-free places."/>
From: Impact of the "Tobacco control law" on exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in Spain
Period after the law versus period prior to the law in non-smokers | Period after the law versus period prior to the law in current smokers | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Odds ratio | 95% CI | p-value | Odds ratio | 95% CI | p-value | |
Exposure at home a | ||||||
Someone regularly smoking at home | 0.86d | 0.69 to 1.08 | 0.171 | 0.78d | 0.60 to 1.03 | 0.080 |
Time of exposure (daily) | ||||||
No or sporadic exposure | 1e | 1e | ||||
< 1–3 hours | 1.14 | 0.84 to 1.54 | 0.403 | 0.87 | 0.63 to 1.22 | 0.427 |
More than 3 hours | 0.56 | 0.34 to 0.93 | 0.020 | 0.68 | 0.45 to 1.04 | 0.078 |
Exposure at indoor workplaces b | ||||||
Close exposure (tobacco smoke reaches their workplace) | 0.13d | 0.09 to 0.19 | < 0.001 | 0.15d | 0.10 to 0.25 | < 0.001 |
Time of exposure (daily) | ||||||
No or sporadic exposure | 1e | 1e | ||||
< 1–3 hours | 0.10 | 0.06 to 0.17 | < 0.001 | 0.11 | 0.05 to 0.24 | < 0.001 |
More than 3 hours | 0.14 | 0.09 to 0.22 | < 0.001 | 0.10 | 0.06 to 0.18 | < 0.001 |
Exposure in bars and restaurants c | ||||||
Environmental tobacco smoke in bars | ||||||
None | 1e | 1e | ||||
Low level | 0.60 | 0.38 to 0.95 | 0.029 | 0.49 | 0.24 to 0.99 | 0.047 |
Fairly high level | 0.29 | 0.18 to 0.46 | < 0.001 | 0.33 | 0.16 to 0.67 | 0.002 |
Very high level | 0.18 | 0.11 to 0.29 | < 0.001 | 0.12 | 0.05 to 0.27 | < 0.001 |
Environmental tobacco smoke in restaurants | ||||||
None | 1e | 1e | ||||
Low level | 0.30 | 0.22 to 0.39 | < 0.001 | 0.33 | 0.22 to 0.49 | < 0.001 |
Fairly high level | 0.21 | 0.15 to 0.30 | < 0.001 | 0.30 | 0.17 to 0.51 | < 0.001 |
Very high level | 0.11 | 0.06 to 0.20 | < 0.001 | 0.11 | 0.03 to 0.35 | < 0.001 |