0–3 hours versus non-exposure was 0.11 (95% CI: 0.07 to 0.17) and for more than 3 hours, 0.12 (95% CI: 0.09 to 0.18). For fairly high exposure in bars and restaurants versus non-exposure, the OR in the former was 0.30 (95% CI: 0.20 to 0.44) and in the latter was 0.24 (95% CI: 0.18 to 0.32); for very high exposure versus non-exposure they were 0.16 (95% CI: 0.10 to 0.24) and 0.11 (95% CI: 0.07 to 0.19), respectively. These results were similar for the smoking and non-smoking populations. Conclusion A considerable reduction in exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in the workplace and, to a lesser extent, in bars and restaurants, is related to the implementation of the "Tobacco control law". Although only initial figures, these results already demonstrate the effectiveness of strategies that establish control measures to guarantee smoke-free places."/>
From: Impact of the "Tobacco control law" on exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in Spain
Period prior to the law October-November 2005 | Period after the law January-July 2006 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | p-value | |
Total | 1750 | 100 | 1252 | 100 | |
Sex | 0.674a | ||||
Males | 846 | 48.3 | 615 | 49.1 | |
Females | 904 | 51.7 | 637 | 50.9 | |
Age group | 0.473a | ||||
18–29 | 461 | 26.3 | 336 | 26.8 | |
30–44 | 707 | 40.4 | 479 | 38.3 | |
45–64 | 582 | 33.3 | 437 | 34.9 | |
Educational level | 0.001a | ||||
University | 532 | 30.5 | 410 | 32.7 | |
Secondary, second level | 512 | 29.4 | 430 | 34.3 | |
Secondary, first level | 487 | 27.9 | 286 | 22.8 | |
Primary or below primary | 213 | 12.2 | 126 | 10.1 | |
Number of people in the household | 1750 | 3.5 (mean) | 1252 | 3.3 (mean) | 0.000b |
People who work in indoor places away from home | 1017 | 58.1 | 736 | 58.8 | 0.713a |
People who have visited bars in the last month | 1551 | 88.6 | 1055 | 84.3 | 0.000a |
People who have visited restaurants in the last month | 1321 | 75.5 | 906 | 72.4 | 0.054a |
Tobacco consumption | 0.550a | ||||
Non-smokers | 1195 | 68.3 | 842 | 67.3 | |
Current smokers | 555 | 31.7 | 410 | 32.7 |