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Table 2 Individual-level characteristics and neighborhood-level characteristics by gender, Taiwan Social Change Survey, 1990, 1995, and 2000

From: A multilevel analysis of neighborhood and individual effects on individual smoking and drinking in Taiwan

 

Women

Men

 

(N = 2942)

(N = 2941)

Individual characteristics (%)

  

Age

  

   20–29

19.5

16.6

   30–39

33.4

29.1

   40–49

23.4

24.1

   50–59

11.6

13.2

   >= 60

12.1

17.0

Marital status

  

   Single

14.6

22.3

   Married

73.1

70.9

   Widowed/divorced and others

12.3

6.8

Race/ethnicity

  

   Taiwanese

72.7

69.4

   Hakka

13.0

13.5

   Mainlander

11.1

15.3

   Indigenous and others

3.2

1.8

Education

  

   < Elementary

12.2

4.9

   Elementary

27.9

24.0

   Junior high school

13.6

17.5

   High school

27.3

26.9

   >= College

19.0

26.7

Family income

  

   <NT30,000

29.9

28.4

   NT30,000–NT49,999

25.8

24.4

   NT50,000–NT69,999

16.9

16.4

   NT70,000–NT99,999

13.1

14.8

   ≥ NT100,000

14.3

16.0

Year

  

   1990

34.0

31.8

   1995

34.0

35.8

   2000

32.0

32.4

Urbanicity/rurality

  

   Urban

32.0

31.4

   Suburban

49.0

49.4

   Rural

19.0

19.2

Neighborhood characteristics (mean (SD))

  

   % less than junior high

37.7(14.2)

38.3(14.3)

   % college graduates

7.5(7.0)

7.2(6.7)

   % less than 18

28.8(5.4)

28.5(5.3)

   % over 65

7.9(4.1)

8.1(4.3)

   % single parent family

6.3(2.4)

6.2(2.4)

   % divorced and separated

2.7(1.2)

2.7(1.2)

   % paid employment

56.3(6.9)

56.3(7.0)