Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors associated with long delay among new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Vietnam
From: Delays in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis patients in Vietnam: a cross-sectional study
Long total delay | Long patient delay | Long HCP delay | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | OR | aOR* (95% CI) | N (%) | OR | aOR* (95% CI) | N (%) | OR | aOR* (95% CI) | |
Sex | |||||||||
Men | 189/1447 (12.8) | 1 | 1 | 285/1,476 (19.3) | 1 | 1 | 169/1449 (11.7) | 1 | 1 |
Women | 115/586 (19.6) | 1.7 | 1.6 (1.3–2.2) | 149/593 (25.1) | 1.4 | 1.3 (1.0–1.7) | 78/579 (13.5) | 1.2 | 1.2 (0.8–1.7) |
Age (years) | |||||||||
0–24 | 18/186 (9.7) | 1 | 1 | 30/186 (16.1) | 1 | 1 | 20/184 (10.9) | 1 | 1 |
25–34 | 35/323 (10.8) | 1.1 | 1.2 (0.6–2.2) | 60/326 (18.4) | 1.2 | 1.1 (0.7–1.9) | 32/316 (10.1) | 0.9 | 0.9 (0.5–1.8) |
35–44 | 72/443 (16.3) | 1.8 | 1.8 (1.0–3.2) | 81/439 (18.5) | 1.2 | 1.1 (0.6–1.8) | 61/434 (14.1) | 1.3 | 1.2 (0.6–2.2) |
45–54 | 66/374 (17.7) | 2.0 | 2.1 (1.2–3.8) | 81/375 (21.6) | 1.4 | 1.2 (0.7–2.0) | 44/369 (11.9) | 1.1 | 1.2 (0.6–2.3) |
55–64 | 38/249 (15.3) | 1.7 | 1.4 (0.7–2.7) | 61/251 (24.3) | 1.7 | 1.1 (0.7–2.0) | 24/246 (9.8) | 0.9 | 0.9 (0.4–1.9) |
65+ | 73/455 (16.0) | 1.8 | 0.9 (0.8–2.6) | 113/458 (24.7) | 1.7 | 1.2 (0.7–2.0) | 65/446 (14.6) | 1.4 | 1.6 (0.8–2.9) |
Health care provider visited initially because of cough | |||||||||
District health center | 78/617 (12.6) | 1 | 1 | 197/620 (31.8) | 1 | 1 | 7/611 (1.2) | 1 | 1 |
Commune health post | 46/333 (13.8) | 1.0 | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 92/339 (27.1) | 0.8 | 0.6 (0.4–0.8) | 22/330 (6.7) | 5.8 | 6.3 (2.6–15.2) |
Public hospital | 39/357 (10.9) | 0.8 | 1.1 (0.7–1.7) | 77/260 (21.4) | 0.6 | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) | 15/355 (4.2) | 3.2 | 3.3 (1.3–8.3) |
Pharmacy | 81/322 (25.2) | 2.3 | 4.3 (2.9–6.5) | 18/326 (5.5) | 0.1 | 0.2 (0.1–0.4) | 135/321 (42.1) | 59.0 | 66.0 (29.6–147.3) |
Private physician | 43/337 (12.8) | 1.0 | 1.7 (1.1–2.6) | 31/339 (9.1) | 0.2 | 0.4 (0.2–0.6) | 54/331 (16.3) | 15.6 | 16.1 (7.1–36.6) |
Traditional healer | 5/31 (16.1) | 1.3 | 2.0 (0.7–5.7) | 5/32 (15.6) | 0.4 | 0.5 (0.2–1.4) | 8/29 (27.6) | 31.8 | 41.5 (13.3–129.3) |
Other | 13/44 (22.8) | 1.9 | 2.3 (1.1–4.9) | 14/59 (23.7) | 0.7 | 0.8 (0.4–1.5) | 7/57 (12.3) | 9.9 | 10.6 (3.4–33.3) |
Area | |||||||||
Rural | 159/1016 (15.7) | 1 | 1 | 245/1023 (24.0) | 1 | 1 | 120/1002 (12.0) | 1 | 1 |
Urban | 99/800 (12.4) | 0.8 | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | 109/798 (13.7) | 0.5 | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | 111/673 (14.2) | 1.2 | 1.6 (1.1–2.2) |
Remote | 47/253 (18.6) | 1.3 | 1.6 (1.1–2.3) | 80/254 (31.5) | 1.5 | 1.2 (0.8–1.7) | 17/248 (6.9) | 0.5 | 1.4 (0.8–2.6) |
Region | |||||||||
South | 134/1302 (10.3) | 1 | 1 | 143/1305 (11.0) | 1 | 1 | 175/1280 (13.7) | 1 | 1 |
North | 129/558 (23.1) | 2.6 | 3.8 (2.7–5.4) | 261/561 (46.5) | 7.4 | 4.9 (3.7–6.5) | 28/547 (5.1) | 0.3 | 1.0 (0.6–1.6) |
Central | 42/209 (20.1) | 2.3 | 2.9 (1.9–4.4) | 20/209 (14.4) | 1.5 | 1.4 (0.9–2.2) | 45/207 (21.7) | 1.8 | 3.0 (1.9–4.8) |
Total | 305/2069 (14.7) | 434/2075 (20.9) | 248/2034 (12.2) | ||||||