Household and community socioeconomic and environmental determinants of child nutritional status in Cameroon

Pongou, Roland; Ezzati, Majid; Salomon, Joshua A

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-6-98

BMC Public Health

Table 7 Change in the coefficients of selected variables between 1991 and 1998

From: Household and community socioeconomic and environmental determinants of child nutritional status in Cameroon

	Weight-for-age z-score		Height-for-age z-score
	Unadjusted model	Adjusted model	Unadjusted model	Adjusted model
Household Economic status
1^st quintile (reference)
2^nd quintile	-0.027	-0.017 (-0.009)	0.081	0.094 (0.107)
3^rd quintile	0.194	0.174 (0.172)	0.302*	0.286* (0.286*)
4^th quintile	0.087	0.337* (0.322*)	0.179	0.331* (0.301)
5^th quintile	0.238	0.566 (0.526)	0.164	0.431* (0.371*)
Continuous	0.055	0.219* (0.214*)	-0.017	0.183 (0.150)
MHSB
1^st quintile (reference)
2^nd quintile	-0.086	-0.196 (-0.160)	0.057	-0.073 (-0.043)
3^rd quintile	-0.144	-0.372* (-0.308*)	0.007	-0.206 (-0.163)
4^th quintile	-0.044	-0.232 (-0.150)	0.059	-0.026 (0.034)
5^th quintile	-0.142	-0.358* (-0.272)	0.106	-0.038 (0.033)
Continuous	-0.039	-0.108 (-0.068)	0.022	0.021 (0.043)
Household environment
Water
Poor (reference)
Medium	-0.018	-0.036 (-0.087)	-0.042	-0.059 (-0.145)
Good	-0.215	-0.257 (-0.312**)	-0.250*	-0.284 (-0.387**)
Sanitation
Poor (reference)
Medium	0.552***	0.342 (0.310)	0.078	0.553 (0.479)
Good	-0.084	-0.155 (-0.169)	-0.031	-0.024 (-0.047)
Cooking fuel
Poor (reference)
Good	-0.114	-0.101 (-0.127)	-0.201*	-0.180 (-0.233*)
Maternal education
No education (reference)
Primary	0.142	0.232 (0.167)	0.066	0.099 (0.117)
Secondary or +	0.159	0.229 (0.193)	0.074	0.162 (0.218)
Maternal marital status
Married monogamy	-0.223**	-0.212* (-0.147*)	-0.295**	-0.251 (-0.241)
Other (reference)
Child sex
Male	-0.187**	-0.137* (-0.141*)	-0.154	-0.142 (-0.145)
Female (reference)
Child age (months)
0–5 (reference)
6–11	-0.129	-0.111 (-0.113)	0.089	0.130 (0.120)
12–23	-0.216*	-0.225* (-0.240*)	-0.320**	-0.255* (-0.271*)
24–35	-0.204	-0.257 (-0.275)	-0.146	-0.071 (-0.090)
Place of residence
Yaounde/Douala	-0.160	0.039 (-0.007)	-0.139	0.373 (0.368)
Intermediate cities	0.071	0.102 (0.141)	0.084	0.286 (0.364**)
Rural (reference)
Region
West/Littoral	-0.125	0.043 (-0.068)	0.091	0.107 (0.082)
North-West/South-West	0.107	0.137 (-0.016)	0.237	0.291 (0.240)
Center/South/East	0.053	-0.008 (-0.120)	0.003	-0.048 (-0.109)
Adamaoua/North/Far-North (reference)
Community environmental index	-0.032	-0.070 (-0.040)	-0.049	-0.152 (-0.134)

Notes: The unadjusted models included only the independent variable of interest; the adjusted models additionally included all other independent variables used in this study (see tables 5–6, model 7); values in parentheses were estimated from model 5 for all variables in the table except for maternal education, place of residence, region and community environmental index which were estimated from model 6. Only selected variables are presented in the table.
-Statistical significance: *: P < 0.10; **: p < 0.05; ***: p < 0.001

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