Table 1 List of risk factors for falls derived from literature.
high age [13,14,16,17,32,37] female gender [14,32,44] weight (e.g. low BMI) [38] previous falls [13-17,19,26-29,33-35,38,44,51] dependency in activities of daily life [14,17,19,26,31,35-38,51] acute disease(s) [2,38] chronic disease(s) [43] neurological diseases [19,32,44] cardiopathy (e.g. heart failure) [20,42,44,45] hart rate (e.g. arrhythmia) [2] high blood pressure [2,26] orthostatic hypotension [12,19] medication (e.g. psychotropic, sedative, neuroleptic, antidepressive) [13,15,16,17,19,21,23,26-29,32,34,35,38,44,45,51] polypharmacy [32,35] alcohol abuse [37] pain [2] dizziness [19,37] diabetes mellitus [13] | urine incontinence [38,41] cognitive problems [13,19,35,40,45,51] confusion [30,42,44,45] depression [33] fear of falling [34] behavioural problems [15,17] disturbed vision [20,38,39,42,44] hearing problems [42,44] independency of transfers [14,16] disturbed balance [13,14,17,19-22] bad quality of co-ordination [6,38] mobility impairments [13,14,17-29,32,33,35-37,39,41,44,51] muscle weakness [20] arthrosis [32] gait disorders [2,26-29,50] wandering [14] foot defects [35] inappropriate footwear [46] environmental factors [2,6,26,33,47-49,51] assistive devices [14,30,31] protective devices [2,47] |