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Table 3 Multiple logistic regression analysis of factors associated with asthma among leather tannery workers, Karachi, Pakistan, August 2003 to March 2004 (n = 620†††)

From: Prevalence and determinants of asthma in adult male leather tannery workers in Karachi, Pakistan: A cross sectional study

Variables

adjusted OR‡‡‡

95% CI

Educational Status

  

   Literate

1.00

-

   Illiterate

2.13

1.17, 3.88

Ethnicity

  

   Punjabi

1.00

-

   Pathan

2.69

1.35, 5.36

   Others§§§

1.70

0.63, 4.58

Smoking status

  

   Non-smoker

1.00

-

   Ever smoker

2.22

1.16, 4.26

Glove use

  

   User****

1.00

-

   Non-user††††

3.28

1.72, 6.26

Allergy‡‡‡‡ and duration of work§§§§

  

   Non-allergic

  

8 years duration of work

1.00

-

13 years duration of work

0.99

0.73, 1.33

   Allergic

  

8 years duration of work

2.26

1.19, 4.29

13 years duration of work

3.67

1.98, 6.79

  1. †††The final model included less than 641 subjects due to missing values
  2. ‡‡‡ All variables are mutually adjusted for each other
  3. §§§ Other ethnicity includes Urdu, Sindhi, Balochi and Brahvi
  4. *** Worker who has at least rarely used gloves during different tanning tasks
  5. †††† Worker who has never used gloves
  6. ‡‡‡‡ Perceived allergy to at least one of the following substances: food, metals, chemicals, medicine, dusts or animals
  7. §§§§ The interaction was analyzed by calculating odds ratio relative to a common reference i.e. the duration of work at mean duration of 8 years and non-allergic status