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Table 5 Population-based HIV prevalence trends of groups with high mobility index by sex in selected areas in Zambia, 1995–2003

From: Steep HIV prevalence declines among young people in selected Zambian communities: population-based observations (1995–2003)

Sex

Residence

Year

HIV prevalence (n)

Age-adjusted Odds Ratio (OR)ψ for likelihood of HIV infection in 1999 and 2003 (Reference, 1995)

χ2 for linear trend (P value)

Males

Rural

1995

19.1(94)

1.00

0.255

  

1999

12.6(87)

0.59(0.26–1.33)

 
  

2003

16.3(104)

0.72(0.34–1.54)

 
 

Urban

1995

23.0(226)

1.00

0.036

  

1999

23.4(107)

0.98(0.56–1.75)

 
  

2003

14.7(197)

0.52(0.31–0.88)

 

Females

Rural

1995

20.0(65)

1.00

0.289

  

1999

15.9(107)

0.74(0.33–1.66)

 
  

2003

16.4(128)

0.77(0.35–1.67)

 
 

Urban

1995

35.0(314)

1.00

0.009

  

1999

28.1(139)

0.75(0.48–1.18)

 
  

2003

25.0(252)

0.63(0.43–0.92)

 
  1. Notes 1. High mobility index was a composite measure of groups who travelled out of station frequently for any reason and have lived at current residence for less or equal to two years. 2. ORψ was adjusted for age and school years (as a continuous variable), employment status and marital status. Statistically significant OR highlighted in bold 3. Extended Mantel-Haenszel Chi square for linear trend, (1 degree of freedom) with continuity correction was used; highlighted in bold is statistically significant P value 4. Sample sizes were n = 585 in rural and 1235 in urban (age group 15–49 years).