Variable name | HBV negative (n = 253) (%) | HBV positive (n = 111) (%) | OR (95% CI) | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Respondent variables | ||||
Years of injection drug use (quartiles) | ||||
0–6 | 97 (38.3) | 5 (4.5) | 1.0 |  |
7–13 | 74 (29.3) | 23 (20.7) | 6.0 (2.2–16.6) | <0.001 |
14–21 | 42 (16.6) | 36 (32.4) | 16.6 (6.1–45.3) | <0.001 |
22–39 | 40 (15.8) | 47 (42.3) | 22.8 (8.4–61.5) | <0.001 |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Male | 150 (59.3) | 60 (54.0) | 1.0 | Â |
Female | 103 (40.7) | 51 (46.0) | 1.2 (0.8–1.9) | 0.353 |
Education level | Â | Â | Â | Â |
< grade 12 | 178 (70.4) | 79 (71.2) | 1.0 | Â |
> grade 12 | 75 (29.6) | 32 (28.8) | 1.0 (0.6–1.3) | 0.485 |
Ethnicity | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Caucasian | 99 (39.1) | 29 (26.1) | 1.0 | Â |
Aboriginal | 154 (60.9) | 82 (73.9) | 1.8 (1.1–3.0) | 0.015 |
Mobility | Â | Â | Â | Â |
In Winnipeg > 1 year | 168 (66.4) | 97 (87.4) | 1.0 | Â |
Moved to Winnipeg in past year | 85 (33.6) | 14 (12.6) | 0.3 (0.2–0.5) | <0.001 |
Deals drugs | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | 129 (51.0) | 61 (55.0) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 124 (49.01 | 50 (45.1) | 0.9 (0.5–1.3) | 0.485 |
Cocaine use | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | 85 (33.6) | 44 (39.6) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 168 (66.4) | 67 (60.4) | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 0.27 |
Talwin/ritalin use | ||||
No | 190 (75.1) | 55 (49.6) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 63 (24.9) | 56 (50.5) | 3.1 (1.9–4.9) | <0.001 |
Morphine use | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | 165 (64.8) | 68 (61.3) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 89 (35.2) | 43 (38.7) | 1.2 (0.7–1.8) | 0.516 |
Heroin use | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | 222 (87.8) | 106 (95.5) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 31 (12.3) | 5 (4.5) | 0.3 (0.1–0.9) | 0.015 |
Injects daily | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | 34 (13.4) | 26 (23.4) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 219 (86.6) | 85 (76.6) | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) | 0.021 |
Injected at a hotel | ||||
No | 160 (63.2) | 53 (47.8) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 93 (36.8) | 58 (52.2) | 1.9 (1.2–3.0) | 0.006 |
injected at a shooting gallery | ||||
No | 224 (88.5) | 85 (62.2) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 29 (11.5) | 26 (23.4) | 2.4 (1.3–4.2) | 0.004 |
Ever used someone else's syringe | ||||
No | 114 (45.1) | 25 (22.5) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 139 (54.9) | 86 (77.5) | 2.8 (1.7–4.7) | <0.001 |
Injected someone else as a service | ||||
No | 204 (80.6) | 66 (59.5) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 49 (19.4) | 45 (40.6) | 2.8 (1.7–4.6) | <0.001 |
Obtains syringes from friends | ||||
No | 81 (32.0) | 41 (16.9) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 172 (68.0) | 70 (63.1) | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 0.362 |
Obtains syringes from questionable sources | ||||
No | 197 (77.9) | 81 (73.0) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 56 (22.1) | 30 (27.0) | 1.3 (0.8–2.2) | 0.316 |
Opposite-sex regular partners | ||||
No | 81 (32.0) | 36 (32.4) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 172 (68.0) | 75 (67.6) | 1.0 (0.6–1.6) | 0.938 |
Opposite-sex casual partners | ||||
No | 149 (58.9) | 80 (72.1) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 104 (41.1) | 31 (27.9) | 0.6 (0.3–0.9) | 0.015 |
Opposite-sex client partners | ||||
No | 223 (88.1) | 90 (81.1) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 30 (11.9) | 21 (18.9) | 1.7 (0.9–3.2) | 0.081 |
Regular same-sex partners | ||||
No | 245 (96.8) | 109 (98.2) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 8 (3.2) | 2 (1.8) | 0.6 (0.1–2.7) | 0.448 |
Casual same-sex partners | ||||
No | 240 (94.9) | 109 (98.2) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 13 (5.1) | 2 (1.8) | 0.3 (0.1–1.5) | 0.113 |
Client same-sex partners | ||||
No | 247 (97.6) | 109 (98.2) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 6 (2.4) | 2 (1.8) | 0.8 (0.2–3.8) | 0.728 |
Egocentric network variables (maximum number of network members = 20) | ||||
Total number of IDU in network | ||||
Median (IQR) | 3 (1,4) | 3 (2,5) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 0.001 |
Total number of IDU family members in network | ||||
Median (IQR) | 0 (0,1) | 0 (0,1) | 1.3 (1.0–1.5) | 0.019 |
Spouse IDU in network | ||||
No | 169 (66.8) | 69 (62.2) | 1.0 | Â |
Yes | 84 (33.2) | 42 (37.8) | 1.2 (0.8–1.9) | 0.394 |
IDU risk network variables (maximum number of IDU = 5) | ||||
Number of IDU respondent sees daily | ||||
None | 83 (32.8) | 38 (34.2) | 1.0 | Â |
1 | 84 (33.2) | 38 (34.2) | 1.0 (0.6–1.7) | 0.965 |
2 | 48 (19.0) | 13 (11.7) | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | 0.155 |
3–5 | 38 (15.0) | 22 (19.8) | 1.3 (0.7–2.4) | 0.479 |
Number of IDU in network who inject daily | ||||
None | 160 (63.2) | 50 (45.1) | 1.0 | Â |
1 | 42 (16.6) | 25 (22.5) | 1.9 (1.1–3.4) | 0.032 |
2 | 31 (12.3) | 17 (15.3) | 1.8 (0.9–3.4) | 0.101 |
3–5 | 20 (7.9) | 19 (17.1) | 3.0 (1.5–6.1) | 0.002 |
Number of IDU in network who have been IDU for >5 years | ||||
0 | 142 (56.1) | 34 (30.6) | 1.0 | Â |
1 | 50 (19.8) | 18 (16.2) | 1.5 (0.8–2.9) | 0.223 |
2 | 32 (12.7) | 24 (21.6) | 3.1 (1.6–6.0) | 0.001 |
3–5 | 29 (11.5) | 35 (31.5) | 5.0 (2.7–9.4) | <0.001 |
Number of IDU in network who have injected at a hotel | ||||
0 | 175 (69.2) | 54 (48.7) | 1.0 | Â |
1 | 48 (19.0) | 20 (18.0) | 1.4 (0.7–2.5) | 0.330 |
2–5 | 30 (11.9) | 37 (33.3) | 4.0 (2.3–7.1) | <0.001 |
Number of IDU in network who have injected at a shooting gallery | ||||
0 | 204 (80.6) | 74 (66.7) | 1.0 | Â |
1 | 30 (11.9) | 15 (13.5) | 1.4 (0.7–2.7) | 0.351 |
2–5 | 19 (7.5) | 22 (19.8) | 3.2 (1.6–6.2) | 0.001 |
Number of IDU in network with whom respondent has pooled money | ||||
0 | 84 (33.2) | 23 (20.7) | 1.0 | Â |
1 | 62 (24.5) | 33 (29.7) | 1.9 (1.0–3.6) | 0.037 |
2–3 | 64 (25.3) | 34 (30.6) | 1.9 (1.0–3.6) | 0.036 |
4–5 | 43 (17.0) | 21 (18.9) | 1.8 (0.9–3.6) | 0.103 |
Number of IDU in network who have used a syringe before the respondent used it | ||||
0 | 191 (75.5) | 87 (78.4) | 1.0 | Â |
1 | 47 (18.6) | 12 (10.8) | 0.6 (0.3–1.1) | 0.097 |
2–5 | 15 (5.9) | 12 (10.8) | 1.8 (0.8–3.9) | 0.168 |
Number of IDU in network who have used other drug paraphernalia before respondent has used it. | ||||
0 | 155 (61.3) | 67 (60.4) | 1.0 | Â |
1 | 46 (18.2) | 13 (11.8) | 0.7 (0.3–1.3) | 0.220 |
2–5 | 52 (20.6) | 31 (27.9) | 1.4 (0.8–2.3) | 0.234 |
Number of IDU in network who have initiated respondent to injection drug use | ||||
0 | 177 (70.0) | 88 (79.2) | 1.0 | Â |
1 | 63 (24.9) | 21 (18.9) | 0.7 (0.4–1.2) | 0.159 |
2–5 | 13 (5.1) | 2 (1.8) | 0.3 (0.1–1.4) | 0.128 |
Number of IDU in network who have shown respondent how to inject drugs | ||||
0 | 172 (68.0) | 79 (71.2) | 1.0 | Â |
1 | 58 (22.9) | 23 (20.7) | 0.9 (0.5–1.5) | 0.602 |
2–5 | 23 (9.1) | 9 (8.1) | 0.8 (0.4–1.9) | 0.700 |
Number of IDU in network who have injected respondent with drugs | ||||
0 | 133 (52.6) | 43 (38.7) | 1.0 | Â |
1 | 65 (25.7) | 33 (29.7) | 1.6 (0.9–2.7) | 0.103 |
2–5 | 55 (21.7) | 35 (31.5) | 2.0 (1.1–3.4) | 0.015 |
Number of IDU in network who have used talwin/ritalin | ||||
0 | 197 (77.9 | 59 (53.2) | 1.0 | Â |
1–3 | 31 (12.3) | 29 (26.1) | 3.1 (1.7–5.6) | <0.001 |
4–5 | 25 (9.9) | 48 (13.2) | 3.1 (1.6–5.8) | 0.001 |
Number of IDU in network who have used cocaine | ||||
0 | 168 (66.4) | 64 (57.7) | 1.0 | Â |
1 | 39 (15.4) | 20 (18.0) | 1.3 (0.7–2.5) | 0.340 |
2–3 | 26 (10.3) | 21 (18.9) | 2.1 (1.1–4.0) | 0.022 |
4–5 | 20 (7.9) | 26 (7.1) | 0.8 (0.3–2.0) | 0.625 |
Number of IDU in network who have used morphine | ||||
0 | 198 (78.3) | 80 (72.1) | 1.0 | Â |
1 | 34 (13.4) | 18 (16.2) | 1.3 (0.7–2.5) | 0.399 |
2–5 | 21 (8.3) | 13 (11.7) | 1.5 (0.7–3.2) | 0.258 |