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Table 3 Single variable analysis of risk factors for SARS Co-V infection among hospital staff cases and controls, Hanoi, 2003.

From: Factors associated with nosocomial SARS-CoV transmission among healthcare workers in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2003

    

SARS cases

Controls

Activities During Index Patient's Hospitalization

OR*

95% CI

p-value

n = 22

%

n = 45

%

Touched index patient

2.8

0.9–8.5

0.085

9

(41)

9

(20)

Talked to or touched index patient without mask (ever)

1.9

0.6–5.9

0.363

7

(32)

9

(20)

Came within 1 meter of index patient

9.3

2.8–30.9

<0.001

17

(77)

12

(27)

Came within 1 meter of index patient, without mask (ever)

5.4

1.8–16.3

0.003

14

(64)

11

(24)

Spoke with index patient

3.5

1.2–10.4

0.028

11

(50)

10

(22)

Entered patient room

20.0

4.1–97.1

<0.001

20

(91)

15

(33)

Spoke with index patient in his room

3.7

1.1–12.6

0.052

8

(36)

6

(13)

Saw (viewed) index patient

14.0

3.6–55.3

<0.001

19

(86)

14

(31)

Visited patient room when patient was not there

3.7

1.3–10.9

0.027

12

(55)

11

(24)

Touched visibly contaminated surface

7.8

2.3–25.9

0.001

12

(55)

6

(13)

Entered general ward

8.0

1.7–38.4

0.005

20

(91)

25

(56)

Other characteristics §

       

Upper respiratory infection w/in prior 6 months

0.2

0.04–0.9

0.039

2

(9)

15

(33)

'Other' non-clinical job

0.2

0.03–0.7

0.011

2

(9)

18

(40)

Direct patient care activities

2.0

0.7–5.6

0.298

13

(59)

19

(42)

Sanitation/kitchen job

2.2

0.7–7.0

0.223

7

(32)

8

(18)

  1. * Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio; odds ratios refer to affirmative responses.
  2. Fischer's exact (two-sided).
  3. ‡ Respirator or surgical mask; N95 respirator masks were not widely available at Hospital A until March 12th.
  4. § A proportion of enrollees (n = 19 cases, n = 8 controls) were asked about a history of heart disease, lung disease, diabetes, and smoking. None of these factors had a statistically significant association with SARS cases status.
  5. ¶ Other non-clinical jobs include administration, reception, security, maintenance, operations (see Table 1).