Table 1 Recent trends in current smoking by gender in various European populations. Countries are listed alphabetically within subgroups sorted by trend direction in women (increasing (↑), stable (↔), decreasing (↓)).
Survey characteristics | Men | Women | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Country (type/place) | Year(s) | Trend direction | Smoking prevalence | Trend direction | Smoking prevalence | [Reference] |
Austria (National) | 1986 1995 | ↑ | 35% 39% | ↑ | 18% 24% | [1] |
Belgium (Charleroi) | 1985/87 1990/93 | slight ↓ | 51% 48% | ↑ | 24% 29% | [2] |
Finland (Kuopio) | 1982 1992 | ↓ | 34% 30% | ↑ | 10% 13% | [2] |
Finland (North Karelia) | 1982 1992 | ↓ | 30% 27% | ↑ | 9% 12% | [2] |
France (National) | 1974 1992 | ↓ | 59% 48% | ↑ | 28% 33% | [3] |
Germany (MONICA-Augsburg) | 1985 1995 | ↓ | 36% 31% | ↑ | 19% 22% | [4] |
Germany (former East) | 1990/92 1998 | ↔ | No change | ↑ | 21% 29% | [5] |
Germany (National) | 1985 2002 | ↓ | no data no data | ↑ | no data no data | [6] |
Italy (National) | 1980 1990/91 1994 | ↓ | 60% 41% 37% | ↑ | 18% 20% 20% | [7] |
Lithuania (MONICA-Kaunas) | 1983/85 2001/02 | ↔ | 38.3% 41% | ↑ | 4.1% 11% | [8] |
Poland (MONICA-Tarnobrzeg) | 1983/84 1992/93 | ↓ | 58% 54% | ↑ | 11% 21% | [2] |
Russia (Novosibirsk) | 1985/86 1995 | slight ↓ | 61% 60% | ↑ | 4% 6% | [2] |
Spain (MONICACatalonia) | 1986/88 1994/96 | ↓ | 52% 47% | ↑ | 15% 24% | [9] |
Spain (Catalonia) | 1982 1998 | ↓ | 58% 44% | ↑ | 20% 31% | [10] |
Switzerland (National) | 1992/93 1997 | ↑ | 37% 39% | ↑ | 24% 28% | [11] |
Yugoslavia (Novi Sad) | 1984 1994/95 | ↑ | 48% 49% | ↑ | 26% 30% | [2] |
France (MONICA-Toulouse) | 1985 1994/97 | ↓ | 37% 24% | ↔ | 19% 21% | [12] |
Czech Republic (MONICA) | 1985 1997/98 | ↓ | 49% 37% | ↔/slight ↓ | 28% 26% | [13] |
Belgium (National) | 1963 1993 | ↓ | ~70 ~30 | slight ↓ | ~25 ~20 | [14] |
Denmark (Copenhagen) | 1964/74 1990/94 | ↓ | 72% 54% | ↓ | 52% 46% | [15] |
Iceland (MONICA) | 1983 1993/94 | ↓ | 27% 23% | ↓ | 40% 31% | [2] |
Ireland (National) | 1983 1992 | ↓ | ~70 ~30 | ↓ | ~40 ~30 | [14] |
New-Zealand (Auckland) | 1982 1993/94 | ↓ | 29% 17% | ↓ | 25% 14% | [2] |
Sweden (Göteborg) | 1985/86 1994/96 | ↓ | 32% 26% | ↓ | 34% 29% | [2] |