From: Prevalence of nonvitamin, nonmineral supplement usage among students in a Turkish university
Non-users n(%) 1563(83.5) | Users n(%) 308(16.5) | Total n(%) 1871(100.0) | |
---|---|---|---|
Sex | x2 = 5.594; p = 0.018 | ||
Men | 758(83.4) | 151(16.6) | 909(48.6) |
Women | 805(83.7) | 157(16.3) | 962(51.4) |
Ages | x2 = 35.732; p = 0.000 | ||
≤ 18 | 358(86.7) | 55(13.3) | 413(22.1) |
19–20 | 789(84.6) | 144(15.4) | 933(49.9) |
21–22 | 292(85.1) | 51(14.9) | 343(18.3) |
≥ 23 | 124(68.1) | 58(31.9) | 182(9.7) |
BMI values | x2 = 73.392; p = 0.000 | ||
Underweight (<18.5) | 199(67.7) | 95(32.3) | 294(15.7) |
Normal weight (≥ 18.5 – ≤ 24.99) | 1212(86.6) | 187(13.4) | 1399(74.8) |
Overweight (≥ 25 – ≤ 29.9) | 121(90.3) | 13(9.7) | 134(7.2) |
Obese (≥ 30 – ≤ 39.9) | 31(70.5) | 13(29.5) | 44(2.4) |
Type of school | x2 = 23.573; p = 0.000 | ||
Medicine | 164(79.2) | 43(20.8) | 207(11.1) |
Engineering and architecture | 536(88.4) | 70(11.6) | 606(32.4) |
Science and literature | 332(82.4) | 71(17.6) | 403(21.5) |
Economics | 204(79.7) | 52(16.9) | 256(13.7) |
Education | 144(77.0) | 43(23.0) | 187(10.0) |
College of health services. | 183(86.3) | 29(13.7) | 212(11.3) |
Year in school | ns | ||
Freshman | 570(85.6) | 96(14.4) | 666(35.6) |
Sophomore | 556(80.8) | 132(19.2) | 688(36.8) |
Junior | 168(86.2) | 27(13.8) | 195(10.4) |
Senior | 269(83.5) | 53(16.5) | 322(17.2) |
Marital status | ns | ||
Single | 1520(83.7) | 296(16.3) | 1816(97.1) |
Married | 33(82.5) | 7(17.5) | 40(2.1) |
Divorced/widow(er)/separated | 10(66.7) | 5(33.3) | 15(0.8) |
Mother's education level | x2 = 11.940; p = 0.008 | ||
Primary school and lower | 848(84.8) | 152(15.2) | 1000(53.4) |
Secondary school | 106(74.1) | 37(25.9) | 143(7.6) |
High school | 395(84.9) | 70(15.1) | 465(24.9) |
College or university | 214(81.4) | 49(18.6) | 263(14.1) |
Father's education level | x2 = 7.807; p = 0.050 | ||
Primary school and lower | 416(87.6) | 59(12.4) | 475(25.4) |
Secondary school | 149(83.2) | 30(16.8) | 179(9.6) |
High school | 537(81.7) | 120(18.3) | 657(35.1) |
College or university | 461(82.3) | 99(17.7) | 560(29.9) |
Family income | x2 = 22.971; p = 0.000 | ||
Low | 763(86.7) | 117(13.3) | 880(47.0) |
Moderate | 566(83.4) | 113(16.6) | 679(36.3) |
High | 234(75.0) | 78(25.3) | 312(16.7) |
Most permanent place of residence | x2 = 13.642; p = 0.001 | ||
Village/town | 141(79.7) | 36(20.3) | 177(9.5) |
City | 1207(85.3) | 208(14.7) | 1415(75.6) |
Metropolis | 215(77.1) | 64(22.9) | 279(14.9) |
Smoking status | x2 = 15.435; p = 0.000 | ||
Nonsmoker | 1093(85.7) | 183(14.3) | 1276(68.2) |
Current smoker | 390(80.1) | 97(19.9) | 487(26.0) |
Former smoker | 80(74.1) | 26(25.9) | 108(5.8) |
Participation in sport | x2 = 9.193; p = 0.010 | ||
No | 724(82.5) | 154(17.5) | 878(46.9) |
Former | 580(82.4) | 124(17.6) | 704(37.6) |
Yes | 259(89.6) | 30(10.4) | 289(15.4) |
Exercise | x2 = 12.205; p = 0.002 | ||
Never | 440(83.5) | 87(16.5) | 527(28.2) |
Fewer than 3 times per month | 862(85.6) | 145(14.4) | 1007(53.8) |
More than 3 times per month | 261(77.4) | 76(22.6) | 337(18.0) |
Self-reported health | ns | ||
Fair/poor | 400(83.2) | 81(16.8) | 481(25.7) |
Good-excellent | 1163(83.7) | 227(16.3) | 1390(74.3) |