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Table 5 Risk factors for incident comorbid conditions

From: Cardiovascular comorbidities among public health clinic patients with diabetes: the Urban Diabetics Study

 

Hazard Ratio, (95% Confidence Interval)

 

Male

White

Hispanic

Asian

Other

Age (per 10 years)

Year of Diabetes Incidence

Heart Disease

1.34 (1.19–1.50)

1.26 (1.06–1.50)

1.00 (0.84–1.20)

0.83 (0.62–1.13)

0.63 (0.42–0.95)

1.48 (1.42–1.54)

1.07 (1.03–1.12)

   Congestive Heart Failure

1.57 (1.31–1.87)

1.10 (0.85–1.43)

0.57 (0.40–0.81)

0.55 (0.31–0.98)

0.99 (0.59–1.67)

1.56 (1.46–1.67)

1.06 (0.99–1.13)

   Myocardial Infarction

1.71 (1.25–2.32)

1.81 (1.23–2.67)

0.95 (0.56–1.61)

0.47 (0.15–1.49)

0.45 (0.11–1.84)

1.56 (1.40–1.75)

1.01 (0.90–1.15)

Cerebrovascular Disease

1.20 (0.96–1.52)

1.08 (0.77–1.51)

0.61 (0.39–0.97)

0.47 (0.21–1.05)

0.56 (0.23–1.35)

1.66 (1.53–1.82)

0.99 (0.90–1.09)

Hypertension

1.04 (0.96–1.13)

0.71 (0.62–0.81)

0.67 (0.59–0.75)

0.78 (0.65–0.94)

0.61 (0.49–0.76)

1.32 (1.28–1.36)

1.29 (1.25–1.33)

  1. Hazard ratios are adjusted for other variables shown in the table: sex, race/ethnicity, exact year of age, and year of diabetes incidence. Reference groups for hazard ratios are: Females (for Males); African Americans (for White, Hispanic, Asian, and Other); lower age; and earlier year of diabetes diagnosis.