Pressure | Private cars only | 25% composite traffic | 50% composite traffic | 75% composite traffic | 100% composite traffic |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fraction of composite trips without transfer (%) | - | 8.7 | 19.5 | 28.1 | 35.0 |
Vehicles needed (number) | 68000 | 60700 | 49300 | 37000 | 19700 |
Parking spaces needed (number) | 91900 | 81900 | 66800 | 49600 | 25200 |
Average vehicle flow on the 30 most busy roads (vehicles/h at 8.00–9.00 AM) | 5150 | 4350 | 3440 | 2380 | 1220 |
Injuries due to accidents (cases per year) | 565 (537–593) | 532 (498–566) | 483 (425–543) | 429 (336–524) | 367 (233–504) |
Deaths due to accidents (cases per year) | 13.0 (9.0–17.5) | 12.2 (8.4–16.3) | 11.1 (7.52–15.2) | 9.89 (6.35–14.0) | 8.46 (4.66–12.9) |
Deaths due to fine particles (cases per year) | 95.4 (0.3–292) | 96.7 (0.6–284) | 87.6 (0.6–253) | 75.8 (0.5–215) | 61.0 (0.4–179) |
Fine particle (<2.5 μm of diameter) emissions (kg per day) | 500 (158–842) | 507 (239–774) | 459 (258–659) | 397 (242–551) | 320 (167–473) |
Carbon dioxide emissions (ton per day) | 1790 (1660–1910) | 1580 (1480–1670) | 1280 (1210–1350) | 953 (907–999) | 574 (535–613) |
Driver salaries (thousand € per day) | 0 | 599 (422–776) | 947 (667–1230) | 1260 (888–1630) | 1560 (1100–2020) |
Vehicle costs (capital+operational) (thousand € per day) | 2750 (1930–3930) | 2340 (1710–3230) | 1820 (1380–2430) | 1270 (1030–1590) | 667 (582–753) |
Time cost due to delay (thousand € per day) | 365 (20.7–994) | 308 (77.8–664) | 233 (73.8–393) | 328 (104–553) | 424 (134–713) |
Average car trip cost to passenger (€ per trip) | 2.88 (1.74–4.19) | 2.76 (1.65–4.02) | 2.66 (1.57–3.94) | 2.76 (1.62–4.09) | - |
Average composite trip cost to passenger (€ per trip) | - | 3.70 (3.00–4.42) | 2.91 (2.38–3.43) | 2.68 (2.19–3.15) | 2.54 (2.08–2.99) |