Racial differences in influenza vaccination among older americans 1996–2000: longitudinal analysis of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and the Asset and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old (AHEAD) survey

Table 2 Adjusted relative odds of influenza immunization: HRS: multivariate models

Variables	Simple Model	Comprehensive Model
	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Demographic
Year 2000 ^a	2.04 (1.92, 2.17)	1.86 (1.74, 1.99)
Age 55–59.9 ^b	0.79 (0.74, 0.85)	0.86 (0.80, 0.93)
Age 60–64.9 ^b	0.99 (0.93, 1.07)	1.07 (0.99, 1.15)
Male ^c	1.06 (1.00, 1.12)	1.03 (0.96, 1.10)
Black ^d	0.65 (0.58, 0.73)	0.63 (0.55, 0.72)
Black * year 2000	1.02 (0.87, 1.20)	1.01 (0.85, 1.20)
Socioeconomic
Completed high school ^e		1.23 (1.14, 1.33)
Born in the US ^f		1.52 (1.36, 1.69)
Married ^g		1.13 (1.04, 1.22)
Income category 1 ^h		1.02 (0.93, 1.13)
Income category 2 ^h		1.06 (0.97, 1.16)
Income category 3 ^h		1.00 (0.92, 1.09)
Health
Smoking ⁱ		0.73 (0.67, 0.78)
Vigorous exercise ^j		1.09 (1.03, 1.16)
Poor or fair health ^k		1.25 (1.15, 1.36)
Subj. life expectation 34–66^l		0.87 (0.79, 0.94)
Subj. life expectation 67–100^l		0.80 (0.74, 0.87)
Health Care
Uninsured ^m		0.56 (0.50, 0.63)
In hospital in last year ⁿ		1.35 (1.23, 1.47)
3–5 doctor visits in the last year ^o		1.66 (1.53, 1.80)
6+ doctor visits in the last year ^o		2.31 (2.13, 2.49)

Reference categories: a. Year 1996. b. Age 50–54.9 c. Female d. White e. Not completed high school f. Born abroad g. Not married h. (Household) income category 4 (see details in footnote to table 1) i. Not smoking j. Less physical activity k. Excellent, very good or good health l. Subjective life expectation 0–33 (see details in footnote to table 1) m. Some health insurance n. Not in hospital last year o. 0–2 doctor visits last year

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