Table 3 List of minor malformations (exclusions from analyses of congenital malformations)

Eye, Ear, Face Neck:

Ptosis; Stenosis, stricture, or other malformations of lacrimal apparatus; Ear tag; Other minor and unspecified anomalies of ear

Circulatory system:

Functional or unspecified cardiac murmur; Absence or hypoplasia of umbilical artery; Single umbilical artery; Patent Ductus Arterioisis in liveborn babies with preterm gestation (<37 weeks) or low birthweight (<2500 gm)

Digestive system:

Tongue-Tie

Genital system:

Undescended testes; Congenital hydrocele

Musculo skeletal system:

Clicking hip; Unspecified deformity of hip; Flat feet; Unspecified congenital deformities of feet; Webbed fingers; Webbed toes; Spina bifida occulta

Other non-chromosomal malformations:

Congenital umbilical hernia; Inguinal hernia; Birthmark; Naevus; Abnormal palmar crease; Skin tags; Other unspecified malformations of skin; Accessory nipple, ectopic nipple, minor anomaly of nipple; Other congenital malformations of integument (hair, nails, etc)