Health and economic impact of HIV/AIDS on South African households: a cohort study

BMC Public Health

Table 4 Ratios between affected and unaffected households' income and expenditure: linear regression models

Outcome	Crude model			Adjusted for household demography and employment*			Adjusted for household demography, employment, morbidity and mortality**
	Ratio Affected: Unaffected	(95% CI)	P	Ratio Affected: Unaffected	(95% CI)	P	Ratio Affected: Unaffected	(95% CI)	P
Baseline
Household income	0.71	(0.57 – 0.88)	0.002	0.80	(0.65 – 0.97)	0.024	0.84	(0.65 – 2.09)	0.17
Income per person	0.61	(0.49 – 0.76)	<0.001	0.75	(0.62 – 0.89)	0.002	0.85	(0.68 – 0.48)	0.18
Adult equivalent income per person	0.65	(0.52 – 0.80)	<0.001	0.77	(0.64 – 0.92)	0.004	0.85	(0.67 – 1.07)	0.16
Household expenditure	0.78	(0.64 – 0.95)	0.013	0.82	(0.68 – 0.99)	0.036	0.89	(0.70 – 1.14)	0.31
Expenditure per person	0.68	(0.56 – 0.83)	<0.001	0.78	(0.66 – 0.47)	0.05	0.92	(0.74 – 1.12)	0.42
Expenditure per adult equivalent	0.72	(0.59 – 0.87)	0.001	0.80	(0.67 – 0.94)	0.009	0.90	(0.73 – 1.14)	0.36
Follow up#
Household income	0.92	(0.77 – 2.50)	0.35	0.91	(0.77 – 1.07)	0.25	0.94	(0.75 – 1.17)	0.56
Income per person	0.90	(0.76 – 1.07)	0.24	0.89	(0.75 – 1.05)	0.17	0.95	(0.76 – 1.19)	0.68
Adult equivalent income	0.90	(0.76 – 1.07)	0.24	0.89	(0.76 – 1.05)	0.16	0.94	(0.76 – 1.18)	0.61
Household expenditure	0.85	(0.74 – 0.97)	0.02	0.85	(0.75 – 0.98)	0.02	0.88	(0.73 – 1.05)	0.16
Expenditure per person	0.85	(0.74 – 0.98)	0.03	0.86	(0.75 – 0.99)	0.04	0.92	(0.77 – 1.11)	0.38
Expenditure per adult equivalent	0.85	(0.74 – 0.97)	0.02	0.85	(0.75 – 0.98)	0.02	0.90	(0.76 – 1.08)	0.26

# Adjusted for the respective baseline income or expenditure variable in all follow up models * Adjusted for urban or rural location, age and gender composition and percentage of household members employed. ** Adjusted further for baseline morbidity and mortality and, for follow up analyses, mortality and morbidity at follow up

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