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Table 3 Increased odds of illness and death in affected and unaffected households: logistic regression models

From: Health and economic impact of HIV/AIDS on South African households: a cohort study

Outcome

Unit of analysis

Crude odds ratio

(95% CI)

Adjusted odds ratio**

(95% CI)

Baseline-adjusted odds ratio***

(95% CI)

P

Ill (baseline)

Household

6.1

(4.0 – 9.3)

13

(7.6 – 22)

NA

  

Ill (follow up)

Household

6.4

(3.9 – 10)

6.3

(3.7 – 10)

3.8

(2.1 – 6.8)

<0.001

Ill (baseline)

Individual*

3.4

(2.2 – 5.3)

3.8

(2.4 – 5.9)

NA

  

Ill (follow up)

Individual*

3.8

(2.6 – 5.6)

4.9

(3.2 – 7.5)

2.1

(1.3 – 3.4)

0.003

Ill with HIV/AIDS, TB, meningitis or pneumonia (baseline)

Individual*

27

(8.5 – 86)

72

(9.9 – 534)

NA

  

Ill with HIV/AIDS, TB, meningitis or pneumonia (follow – up)

Individual*

11

(4.5 – 25)

11

(4.4 – 28)

21

(12 – 36)

<0.001

Died (baseline)

Household

4.7

(2.5 – 9.1)

21

(4.9 – 92)

NA

  

Died (follow up)

Household

8.9

(2.6 – 30)

8.3

(2.3 – 30)

8.3

(2.2 – 31)

0.002

Died (follow up)

Individual*

4.6

(1.5 – 14)

5.0

(1.4 – 18)

3.4

(1.0 – 11)

0.04

  1. * For individual level analyses, P values and 95% confidence intervals adjusted for intra-household clustering of outcomes ** Adjusted for age, sex, baseline household income, rural vs. urban location and, for household level analyses, household population size ***For follow up data, also adjusted for baseline value of outcome variable, i.e. individuals' previous illness or previous death in their household. NA Not Applicable