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Table 2 Energy sources per day (median 25 th -75 th ) in order of importance according to UBN and place of residence

From: Dietary intake practices associated with cardiovascular risk in urban and rural Ecuadorian adolescents: a cross-sectional study

Energy sources

Overall (n = 779)

UBNa

  

Place of residence

  

Poor

Better off

β%

P

Rural

Urban

β%

P

White Rice (E%)b

23.0

[16.2;29.6]

25.4

[19.7;32.4]

19.0

[12.8;25.9]

−22.0

<0.01

27.6

[23.0;33.7]

21.4

[14.7;28.3]

−22.1

<0.01

Processed Foodc (E%)

19.3

[13.4;24.8]

18.4

[12.6;23.5]

21.3

[15.3;27.1]

17.5

<0.01

17.6

[11.7;22.7]

20.1

[14.1;25.7]

6.7

0.28

Refined Wheat (E%)

10.4

[6.5;14.7]

10.3

[6.3;14.2]

10.4

[6.8;15.1]

−3.0

0.67

10.7

[5.8;14.7]

10.3

[6.7;14.7]

7.0

0.35

Dairy (E%)

7.1

[3.6;10.9]

6.3

[3;9.7.0]

8.2

[4.9;11.8]

10.5

0.11

4.6

[2.1;7.7]

7.9

[4.4;11.5]

57.5

<0.01

Red Meat (E%)

6.2

[3.5;9.7]

5.6

[3.1;9.1]

7.1

[4.2;11.0]

6.1

0.26

4.3

[2.1;7.4]

6.8

[4.0;10.5]

32.1

<0.01

Poultry (E%)

4.8

[1.5;8.5]

4.7

[1.6;9.5]

5.2

[1.6;8.5]

2.2

0.82

3.6

[1.2;7.1]

5.3

[1.7;8.7]

14.1

0.17

Vegetable Oils (E%)

3.8

[2.5;5.3]

5.4

[2.6;5.4]

3.6

[2.4;5.2]

−12

0.02

3.8

[2.4;5.0]

3.8

[2.6;5.4]

14.3

0.11

Total fruit (E%)

3.0

[1.4;3.5]

3.2

[1.5;5.7]

2.9

[1.3;5.3]

−7.6

0.31

2.9

[1.4;5.4]

3.1

[1.5;5.6]

6.2

0.52

Tubers (E%)

2.4

[1.3;4.0]

2.5

[1.5;4.2]

2.1

[1.1;3.6]

−6.9

0.43

3.1

[2.2;5.1]

2.1

[1.1;3.6]

−39.3

<0.01

Animal fat (E%)

1.2

[0.3;3.1]

1.1

[0.3;2.5]

1.3

[0.3;3.5]

24.3

0.08

1.1

[0.4;2.1]

1.2

[0.3;3.3]

11.3

0.37

Whole grain cereals (E%)

0.1

[0.0;0.2]

0.1

[0.0;0.3]

0.1

[0.0;0.2]

−27.0

0.11

0.1

[0.0;0.3]

0.1

[0;0.2.0]

23.5

0.42

Vegetables (E%)

0.7

[0.4;1.0]

0.7

[0.4;1.1]

0.6

[0.4;0.9]

−1.1

0.86

0.8

[0.5;1.2]

0.6

[0.3;1.0]

−15.3

0.18

Fish and Seafood (E%)

0.5

[0.0;3.1]

0.6

[0.0;2.8]

0.5

[0.0;3.1]

8.0

0.65

0.7

[0.0;4.3]

0.5

[0;2.6.0]

−30.9

0.20

Whole grain cereals (E%)

0.1

[0.0;0.2]

0.1

[0.0;0.3]

0.1

[0.0;0.2]

−27

0.11

0.1

[0.0;0.3]

0.1

[0;0.2.0]

23.5

0.42

Other sourcesd (E%)

6.1

[2.4;11.2]

5.9

[2.3;11.8]

6.1

[2.4;10.4]

7.1

0.36

6.9

[3.1;15.3]

5.9

[2.3;10.5]

−11.2

0.07

  1. aUnsatisfied basic needs. bEnergy percentage. cProcessed food includes sweets, snacks, soft drinks and any other packaged food item. dOther sources includes: plantain, maize, other cereals, oilseeds, legumes spices and coffee.
  2. Differences using linear regression models adjusted for gender UBN and place of residence where appropriate.