Low risk of attrition among adults on antiretroviral therapy in the Rwandan national program: a retrospective cohort analysis of 6, 12, and 18 month outcomes

Table 3 Crude and adjusted Cox proportional models for the hazard of attrition (death or loss to follow-up)

		Bivariate analysis			Multi-variable model n = 1,678
	Attrition N	HR of attrition	95% CI	p-value	aHR of attrition	95% CI	p-value
Time on ART prior to data collection
18 months on ART	52	Ref			Ref
6 months on ART	25	1.1	[0.8 – 1.7]	0.517	1.3	[0.9 - 1.9]	0.190
12 months on ART	58	1.7	[1.2 - 2.4]	0.003	1.8	[1.3 - 2.5]	0.000
Age
18-25 years	27	Ref			Ref
26-35 years	48	0.8	[0.5 - 1.2]	0.195	0.8	[0.5 - 1.3]	0.395
36-45 years	44	0.9	[0.6 - 1.2]	0.318	1.0	[0.7 - 1.4]	0.864
46+ years	16	0.6	[0.4 - 0.9]	0.014	0.8	[0.5 - 1.3]	0.379
Gender
Females	48	Ref			Ref
Males	87	1.3	[1.0 - 1.6]	0.066	1.4	[1.0 - 1.8]	0.027
Source of referral to ART clinic
Voluntary Counseling and Testing	70	Ref			Ref
PMTCT services	35	2.1	[1.6 - 2.7]	0.000	2.2	[1.6 - 3.0]	0.000
In-patient ward	15	4.1	[3.0 - 5.6]	0.000	4.2	[3.0 - 5.7]	0.000
Other	15	1.6	[1.2 - 2.2]	0.001	1.5	[1.1 - 2.0]	0.004
CD4+ count at ART initiation (cells/μL)
0 – 199	69	Ref			Ref
200+	45	0.7	[0.5 - 0.9]	0.005	0.8	[0.6 - 1.0]	0.031
Missing	21	1.0	[0.7 - 1.3]	0.763	1.0	[0.8 - 1.3]	0.811
Initial ART regimen
Stavudine containing	80	Ref			Ref
Zidovudine containing	54	1.1	[0.9 - 1.3]	0.423	1.0	[0.8 - 1.2]	0.944
Tenofovir containing	1	1.6	[0.7 - 3.6]	0.240	1.7	[0.8 - 3.9]	0.165
Location
Rural	32	Ref			Ref
Urban	103	1.5	[1.1 - 2.0]	0.005	1.4	[1.1 - 1.8]	0.013
Facility level*
Hospitals	52	Ref			Ref
Health centers	83	0.9	[0.7 - 1.2]	0.483	0.8	[0.6 - 1.1]	0.226
Start of performance based financing
2007-2008	85	Ref			Ref
2004-2006	50	0.9	[0.6 - 1.2]	0.239	0.8	[0.6 - 0.9]	0.016
Home support visits for PLWHA available
No	60	Ref			Ref
Yes	75	1.2	[0.9 - 1.6]	0.415	1.2	[1.0 - 1.6]	0.097

*Facility ownership variable (public vs faith based) excluded from the model due to collinearity with facility level variable.

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