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Table 1 Baseline demographics, treatment characteristics, and household expenditures of TB patients with poor treatment outcomes, N = 193*

From: Household income and poor treatment outcome among patients with tuberculosis in Georgia: a cohort study

 

Poor TB treatment outcomea

Favorable TB treatment outcome

Total N (%)

 

N (%)

N (%)

N = 193

 

38 (19.7)

155 (80.3)

 

Age (years)

   

Mean (STD)

42.4 (15.1)

36.1 (14.9)

37.4 (15.1)

Median (IQR)c

42.5 (26.0)

33.0 (21.0)

35.0 (21.0)

Sex

   

Female

8 (21.1)

36 (23.2)

44 (22.8)

Male

30 (79.9)

119 (76.8)

149 (77.2)

Household ethnic group

   

Georgian

36 (94.7)

137 (88.4)

173 (89.6)

Other

2 (5.3)

18 (11.6)

20 (10.4)

Residence location

   

Rural

3 (7.9))

24 (15.5)

27 (14.0)

Urban

35 (92.1)

131 (84.5)

166 (86.0)

Education

   

Some secondary

6 (15.8)

27 (17.4)

33 (17.1)

Completed secondary

20 (52.6)

68 (43.9)

88 (45.6)

Some college or greater

12 (31.6)

60 (38.7)

72 (37.3)

Month household income

   

(USD)

   

Mean (STD)

93 (79.6)

171 (155.2)

156 (146.7)

Median (IQR)c

85 (94.9)

137 (133.3)

127 (131.3)

0-89.9 USD/monthb,d

18 (50.0)

41 (27.0)

59 (31.4)

90.0-162

13 (36.1)

47 (30.9)

60 (31.9)

>162

5 (13.9)

64 (42.1)

69 (36.7)

Occupation

   

Employed

10 (26.3)

66 (42.6)

76 (39.4)

Unemployed

18 (47.4)

60 (38.7)

78 (40.4)

Othere

10 (26.3)

29 (18.7)

39 (20.2)

TB characteristics

TB disease, self-reported

   

Not serious/moderate

14 (36.8)

75 (48.4)

89 (46.1)

Very serious

24 (63.2)

80 (51.6)

104 (53.9)

TB treatment location

   

Nurse administered

19 (54.3)

82 (52.9)

101 (53.2)

Dispensary

12 (34.3)

56 (36.1)

68 (35.8)

Other

4 (11.4)

17 (11.0)

21 (11.0)

2 month AFB smearb

   

Positive

10 (26.3)

7 (4.5)

17 (8.8)

Negative

28 (73.7)

148 (95.5)

176 (91.2)

Household stigma due to TB

Others feel uncomfortable

   

Yes

7 (18.4)

28 (18.1)

35 (18.1)

No

19 (50.0)

75 (48.4)

94 (48.7)

Others don’t know

12 (31.6)

52 (33.6)

64 (33.2)

Others treat inferior

   

Yes

6 (15.8)

17 (11.0)

23 (11.9)

No

20 (52.6)

86 (55.5)

106 (54.9)

Others don’t know

12 (31.6)

52 (33.6)

64 (33.2)

Others avoid contact

   

Yes

8 (21.1)

31 (20.0)

39 (20.2)

No

18 (47.4)

72 (46.4)

90 (46.6)

Others don’t know

12 (31.6)

52 (33.6)

64 (33.2)

Any stigmaf

   

Yes

8 (21.1)

34 (21.9)

42 (21.8)

No

30 (78.9)

121 (78.1)

151 (78.2)

Worry/concern among household

   

A lot

33 (94.3)

127 (84.1)

160 (86.0)

Some

2 (5.7)

20 (13.3)

22 (11.8)

A little/not at all

0

4 (2.6)

4 (2.2)

Household expenditures (all figures in USD)

 

Household expenditures before TB treatment

 

Past month total, self-reported

   

Mean (STD)

300 (474.1)

283 (208.7)

286 (279.2)

Median (IQR)

182 (181.8)

242 (212.1)

242 (193.9)

Past month total, calculated

   

Mean (STD)

316 (399.3)

345 (253.4)

339 (287.0)

Median (IQR)C

236 (174.7)

303 (235.2)

283 (235.9)

Past month healthcare

   

Mean (STD)

80 (93.4)

101 (105.1)

97 (103.0)

Median (IQR)C

48 (57.6)

67 (93.9)

61 (90.9)

Proportionate monthly income spent healthcare expenditure

   

Mean

1.52 (2.27)

0.86 (1.04)

0.99 (1.38)

Median

0.75 (1.31)

0.53 (0.76)

0.56 (0.81)

<0.50

13 (36.1)

67 (44.1)

80 (42.6)

0.50-1.0

11 (30.6)

46 (30.3)

57 (30.3)

>1.0

12 (33.3)

39 (25.7)

51 (27.1)

  1. *193 of 202 case patients had information available on treatment outcome.
  2. aDefaulted, failed (AFB smear positive after 6 months), or death.
  3. bTwo sided Chi-Square p-value <0.05.
  4. cTwo sided Wilcoxon Rank sum p-value <0.05.
  5. dThree month average income from waves 1–3.
  6. eOther: student, retired, or homemaker.
  7. fCombined variable: any yes response from others feel uncomfortable, others treat inferior, or others avoid contact.