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Table 1 Sample descriptive statistics, NPHS, cycles 1 through 7

From: Psychological distress in the workforce: a multilevel and longitudinal analysis of the case of regulated occupations in Canada

 

Cycle 1

Cycle 2

Cycle 3

Cycle 4

Cycle 5

Cycle 6

Cycle 7

N = 7007

N = 6163

N = 5610

N = 5165

N = 4529

N = 4128

N = 3564

Avg.

SD

Avg.

SD

Avg.

SD

Avg.

SD

Avg.

SD

Avg.

SD

Avg.

SD

Mental health

              

Psychological distress

1.52

1.67

1.24

1.57

1.25

1.50

1.05

1.44

1.14

1.35

1.08

1.28

1.06

1.19

(square root)

              

Occupations (%)

              

Executives

0.56

-

0.46

-

0.41

-

0.56

-

0.68

-

0.70

-

0.46

-

Managers

7.58

-

7.52

-

8.20

-

10.16

-

10.73

-

11.67

-

12.20

-

Supervisors

              

-

4.53

-

5.02

-

4.69

-

6.30

-

6.28

-

5.10

-

4.43

-

Professional workers

12.41

-

13.38

-

13.94

-

15.98

-

18.13

-

18.24

-

19.57

-

White-collar workers

47.24

-

45.52

-

44.51

-

39.24

-

38.30

-

37.77

-

37.60

-

Blue-collar workers

23.41

-

23.47

-

23.44

-

22.30

-

20.14

-

20.94

-

19.50

-

Regulated occupations

4.27

-

4.63

-

4.81

-

5.46

-

5.74

-

5.58

-

6.24

-

Work conditions

              

Skill utilisation

7.12

3.35

7.23

3.14

7.27

3.00

7.34

2.87

7.34

2.69

7.43

2.57

7.46

2.39

Decision authority

5.44

2.51

5.48

2.36

5.47

2.25

5.50

2.16

5.55

2.02

5.62

1.93

5.59

1.79

Psychological demands

4.50

2.51

4.55

2.36

4.58

2.25

4.50

2.16

4.50

2.69

4.52

1.93

4.51

2.39

Physical demands

2.04

1.67

2.03

1.57

2.03

1.50

1.82

1.44

1.77

1.35

1.77

1.93

1.73

1.79

Social support

7.96

2.51

7.98

2.36

7.98

3.00

7.93

2.16

7.91

2.69

7.99

2.57

7.96

2.39

Job insecurity

1.54

1.67

1.50

1.57

1.52

1.50

1.27

1.44

1.31

1.35

1.37

1.28

1.36

1.19

Hours worked

42.90

23.44

44.14

22.77

44.52

21.72

42.16

17.25

41.82

16.82

41.92

16.06

41.62

17.31

Work-schedule irreg. (%)

21.36

-

20.21

-

20.76

-

18.66

-

18.25

-

19.78

-

18.33

-

Personal characteristics

              

Gender (% female)

47.48

-

45.88

-

45.66

-

45.44

-

45.58

-

46.74

-

46.55

-

Age

38.48

11.72

39.84

11.78

41.40

10.49

43.20

10.78

44.81

10.77

46.35

10.92

48.01

10.75

Smoking

5.29

12.56

4.86

11.78

4.47

10.49

3.74

10.06

2.98

9.42

2.93

9.64

2.51

8.36

Alcohol consumption

3.68

10.04

3.54

10.21

3.78

9.74

3.50

7.91

3.71

10.09

3.77

10.92

4.41

14.92

Physical exercise

19.26

30.13

20.59

29.05

22.36

28.46

19.92

23.72

23.62

27.59

23.25

26.34

27.50

30.45

Self-esteem

20.46

4.19

20.48

3.93

20.46

3.74

19.92

3.59

19.91

4.04

19.89

3.85

19.97

3.58

Sense of cohesion

59.00

15.07

59.04

15.70

62.45

13.48

62.56

14.37

62.63

14.13

62.59

14.13

62.79

13.73

Locus of control

20.11

5.86

20.23

5.50

20.27

5.99

20.34

4.31

19.99

5.38

20.17

5.14

20.26

5.37

Stressful childhood events

0.55

0.84

0.57

1.57

0.60

1.50

0.64

1.44

0.68

1.35

0.72

1.28

0.78

1.19

Immigrant (% immigrant)

18.36

-

17.55

-

17.09

-

16.94

-

15.88

-

15.45

-

15.18

-

Family

              

Marital status (% in couple)

71.15

-

71.40

-

72.57

-

74.27

-

75.30

-

76.57

-

76.01

-

Children 0–5 years (%)

22.55

-

20.86

-

20.29

-

17.11

-

15.15

-

12.47

-

11.01

-

Children 6–11 years (%)

21.07

-

22.42

-

23.17

-

24.43

-

22.88

-

22.66

-

20.54

-

Children 12–24 years (%)

26.26

-

25.70

-

25.46

-

26.54

-

28.18

-

30.43

-

31.72

-

Household income sufficiency

3.69

0.67

3.79

0.79

4.02

1.50

4.18

1.44

4.29

0.67

4.38

1.28

4.51

1.19

Marital stress

0.22

0.84

0.20

0.79

0.19

0.75

0.16

0.72

0.18

0.67

0.17

0.64

0.18

0.59

Parental stress

0.31

0.84

0.31

0.79

0.31

0.75

0.30

0.72

0.33

0.67

0.34

0.64

0.34

1.19

Social network outside work

              

Social support (% high)

84.55

-

87.83

-

92.15

-

93.23

-

93.77

-

94.23

-

94.00

-

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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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