Variables |  | Round 1 (N = 653)% | Round 2 (N = 652)% | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
A. Socio-demographic profile | ||||
Age ( years ) | 18–24 | 62.0 | 46.4 | 0.02 |
25–29 | 22.6 | 35.3 | ||
30–34 | 11.6 | 10.5 | ||
35–39 | 2.1 | 4.9 | ||
≥ 40 | 1.8 | 2.8 | ||
Literacy status | Literate (can read and write) | 89.4 | 96.4 | 0.01 |
Illiterate | 10.6 | 3.6 | ||
Marital status | Ever married | 18.1 | 23.1 | 0.26 |
Never married | 81.9 | 76.9 | ||
Main occupation | Unemployed/student | 17.9 | 17.4 | 0.09 |
Self-employed/business/trade | 22.6 | 29.0 | ||
Non-agricultural/agricultural labor | 1.7 | 2.4 | ||
Service (government/private) | 43.5 | 45.3 | ||
Sex work | 11.3 | 3.8 | ||
Others (massagers/transport workers) | 3.0 | 2.2 | ||
Lives locally | Yes | 65.7 | 83.2 | 0.02 |
No | 34.3 | 16.8 | ||
B. Sexual behaviors | ||||
Age at first sexual exposure | < 15Â years | 32.0 | 33.3 | 0.83 |
≥ 15 years | 68.0 | 66.7 | ||
Had sex outside the current area of residence | Yes | 23.2 | 33.3 | 0.04 |
No | 76.8 | 66.7 | ||
Types of sexual partners ( ever ) | Had regular male partner(s) | 53.6 | 59.4 | 0.35 |
Had paying male partner(s) | 43.2 | 43.0 | 0.97 | |
Had paid male partner(s) | 29.9 | 8.6 | < 0.001 | |
Had other non-commercial male/transgender partner(s) | 51.3 | 71.9 | < 0.001 | |
Had regular female partner(s) | 32.2 | 37.3 | 0.36 | |
Self - reported sexual identity a | Kothi | 27.5 | 39.0 | < 0.001 |
Panthi | 43.3 | 15.4 | ||
AC/DC or double decker | 16.0 | 9.7 | ||
Bisexual | 6.6 | 33.6 | ||
Hijra | 6.6 | 2.3 | ||
C. Condom use | ||||
Condom use during the last sex act | With regular male partner | 65.9 | 91.3 | < 0.001 |
With paying male partner | 81.0 | 98.3 | < 0.001 | |
With paid male/hijra partner | 84.8 | 57.7 | 0.01 | |
With other non-commercial male/hijra partner | 82.2 | 80.3 | 0.75 | |
Consistent condom use | With regular male partner(s) | 51.6 | 62.0 | 0.23 |
With paid male/hijra partner(s) | 75.6 | 44.4 | 0.06 | |
With other non-commercial male/hijra partner(s) | 60.2 | 68.7 | 0.37 | |
D. Exposure to the Avahan program interventions | ||||
 | Contacted by Avahan peer educator/outreach worker | 52.6 | 50.3 | 0.72 |
Visited Avahan-supported clinic | 28.3 | 46.3 | 0.005 | |
Received condoms from peer educator/outreach worker | 56.7 | 49.9 | 0.28 | |
Exposed to Avahan interventionb | 60.3 | 57.7 | 0.71 | |
E. Sexually transmitted infections (including HIV) | ||||
Type of infections | Reactive Syphilis Serology - Yes†| 8.8 | 1.1 | < 0.001 |
Syphilis titre ≥ 1:8††| 3.8 | 0.2 | < 0.001 | |
Chlamydia infection – Yes | 3.7 | 1.1 | 0.20 | |
Neisseria gonorrhoea infection - Yes | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.10 | |
HIV-1 infection – Yes | 12.3 | 6.3 | 0.16 |