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Table 2 Results of the multiple linear regression analysis between urinary Cd and renal markers grouped according to gender

From: Risk assessment for Thai population: benchmark dose of urinary and blood cadmium levels for renal effects by hybrid approach of inhabitants living in polluted and non-polluted areas in Thailand

  

Men

 

Women

 

Renal effect markersa

Explanatory variables

Bb(95% CIc)

P

Bb(95% CIc)

P

β2-MG (μg/g Creat)

Urinary Cd (μg/g Creat)

0.06 (0.02-0.10)

0.002

0.05 (0.02-0.08)

0.001

 

Age (yrs)

0.08 (0.06-0.10)

<0.001

0.04 (0.02-0.05)

<0.001

 

Smoking habit (/non-smokers)

   
 

Ex-smokers

0.99 (-0.01-1.99)

0.053

0.64 (0.19-1.09)

0.005

 

Smokers

1.28 (0.31-2.26)

0.010

0.56 (0.11-1.00)

0.015

β2-MG (μg/g Creat)

Blood Cd (μg/L)

0.07 (0.02-0.11)

0.003

0.07 (0.03-0.11)

<0.001

 

Age (yrs)

0.08 (0.06-0.10)

<0.001

0.04 (0.02-0.05)

<0.001

 

Smoking habit (/non-smokers)

    
 

Ex-smokers

0.93 (-0.08-1.94)

0.070

0.55 (0.10-1.00)

0.017

 

Smokers

1.15 (0.16-2.14)

0.023

0.41 (-0.04-0.86)

0.077

NAG (IU/g Creat)

Urinary Cd (μg/g Creat)

0.03 (0.02-0.05)

<0.001

0.02 (0.02-0.03)

<0.001

 

Age (yrs)

0.02 (0.01-0.02)

<0.001

0.02 (0.01-0.02)

<0.001

 

Smoking habit (/non-smokers)

   
 

Ex-smokers

0.18 (-0.11-0.47)

0.228

0.13 (-0.01-0.27)

0.078

 

Smokers

0.12 (-0.17-0.40)

0.418

0.15 (0.00-0.29)

0.045

NAG (IU/g Creat)

Blood Cd (μg/L)

0.03 (0.01-0.04)

<0.001

0.02 (0.01-0.04)

<0.001

 

Age (yrs)

0.02 (0.01-0.02)

<0.001

0.02 (0.01-0.02)

<0.001

 

Smoking habit (/non-smokers)

    
 

Ex-smokers

0.17 (-0.13-0.47)

0.272

0.10 (-0.05-0.24)

0.202

 

Smokers

0.08 (-0.22-0.37)

0.608

0.09 (-0.05-0.24)

0.210

  1. aAll renal markers were natural log-transformed. bRegression coefficients. c95% confidence interval.
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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