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Table 3 Age and sex adjusted multinomial logistic regressions for determinants of hypertension alone, diabetes alone or the combination of both

From: Coincidence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension in a semi-urban Cameroonian population: a cross-sectional study

Variable

Category

None

Hypertension alone

Diabetes alone

Diabetes and hypertension

Likelihood ratio test (p-value)

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95% CI)

p-value

Sex

Men

1.00 (reference)

1.73 (1.39-2.16)

<0.001

0.70 (0.42-1.19)

0.19

1.08 (0.72-1.60)

0.72

<0.001

Age (years)

       

<0.001

 

< 35 years

1.00 (reference)

1.00 (reference)

NA

1.00 (reference)

NA

1.00 (reference)

NA

 
 

35 – 44 years

1.00 (reference)

1.86 (1.35-2.57)

<0.001

1.00 (0.51-1.96)

0.99

3.59 (1.50-8.60)

0.004

 
 

45 – 54 years

1.00 (reference)

4.88 (3.56-6.69)

<0.001

1.62 (0.83-3.15)

0.16

9.21 (4.00-21.23)

<0.001

 
 

≥ 55 years

1.00 (reference)

7.39 (5.32-10.28)

<0.001

2.35 (1.20-4.61)

0.013

24.70 (10.99-55.50)

<0.001

 

Education level

       

0.82

 

None

1.00 (reference)

1.00 (reference)

NA

1.00 (reference)

NA

1.00 (reference)

NA

 
 

Primary

1.00 (reference)

0.98 (0.62-1.55)

0.93

0.51 (0.21-1.26)

0.14

0.81 (0.42-1.55)

0.52

 
 

Secondary

1.00 (reference)

1.14 (0.71-1.83)

0.57

0.49 (0.19-1.24)

0.13

0.96 (0.48-1.90)

0.90

 
 

University

1.00 (reference)

1.02 (0.60-1.74)

0.93

0.61 (0.21-1.77)

0.37

0.80 (0.33-1.93)

0.80

 

Smoking

        

0.13

 

Yes

1.00 (reference)

0.73 (0.51-1.04)

0.08

1.57 (0.72-3.40)

0.25

0.97 (0.53-1.77)

0.92

 

Alcohol consumption

       

0.11

 

No

1.00 (reference)

1.00 (reference)

NA

1.00 (reference)

NA

1.00 (reference)

NA

 
 

Moderate

1.00 (reference)

0.88 (0.68-1.13)

0.31

0.85 (0.51-1.43)

0.55

0.58 (0.38-0.88)

0.010

 
 

Excessive

1.00 (reference)

0.87 (0.53-1.42)

0.58

0.22 (0.03-1.75)

0.15

0.39 (0.14-1.09)

0.074

 

Physical activity

Yes

1.00 (reference)

1.01 (0.80-1.27)

0.93

0.74 (0.45-1.22)

0.24

1.26 (0.83-1.91)

0.27

0.40

Body mass index (kg/m 2 )

       

<0.001

 

<25 kg/m 2

1.00 (reference)

1.00 (reference)

NA

1.00 (reference)

NA

1.00 (reference)

NA

 
 

25 – 29.9 kg/m 2

1.00 (reference)

1.73 (1.32-2.26)

<0.001

1.27 (0.68-2.36)

0.45

2.12 (1.26-3.57)

0.005

 
 

≥30 kg/m 2

1.00 (reference)

2.31 (1.71-3.13)

<0.001

2.04 (1.08-3.86)

0.029

3.94 (2.27-6.82)

<0.001

 

Abdominal obesity

        
 

Yes

1.00 (reference)

1.48 (1.12-1.94)

0.005

2.23 (1.13-4.40)

0.14

2.20 (1.34-3.60)

0.002

0.002

  1. NA, not applicable; OR, odd ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.
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