Table 1 Subject characteristics for ART-naïve and ART groups
|  | Total | ART-naïve | ART | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | (n = 903) | (n = 435) | (n = 468) |  |
| Â | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | Â |
Age, yrs, median (IQR) | 33 (29–40) | 32 (28–38) | 35 (30–42) | < 0.0001 |
Female | 697 (77.2) | 331 (76.1) | 366 (78.2) | 0.450 |
Education | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No education | 58 (6.4) | 25 (5.8) | 33 (7.1) | 0.654 |
≤ Grade 12 | 820 (90.8) | 399 (91.7) | 421 (90.0) |  |
>Grade 12 | 25 (2.8) | 11 (2.5) | 14 (3.0) | Â |
Housing density (persons/room), median (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 1.5 (1–3) | 0.002 |
Employment | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Full or part time | 250 (27.7) | 115 (26.4) | 135 (28.9) | 0.791 |
Unemployed | 648 (71.8) | 317 (72.9) | 331 (70.3) | Â |
Other | 5 (0.6) | 3 (0.7) | 2 (0.4) | Â |
Current smoker | 136 (15.1) | 75 (17.2) | 61(13.0) | 0.077 |
Ever drank alcohol | 426 (47.2) | 226 (52.0) | 200 (42.8) | 0.006 |
CD4 count, cells/μl median (IQR) | 289 (184–455) | 224 (153–437) | 318 (222–468) | <0.0001 |
Previous TB | 379 (49.8) | 254 (64.0) | 125 (34.3) | < 0.001 |
Treatment regimens | Â | Â | Â | Â |
d4T 3TC EFV | - | - | 238 (51.8) | Â |
d4T 3TC NVP | - | - | 169 (36.3) | Â |
AZT 3TC EFV | - | - | 11 (2.4) | Â |
AZT 3TC NVP | - | - | 45 (9.6) | Â |
Other | - | - | 2 (0.4) | Â |
Duration of treatment (months) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
d4T | - | - | 13.0 (8.0-20.0) | Â |
AZT | - | - | 12.0 (7.0-18.5) | Â |
Body composition | Â | Â | Â | Â |
BMI, kg/m2, median (IQR) | 25.2 (22.0 -29.6) | 24.2 (21.4-29.0) | 26.0 (22.9-30.0) | 0.0004 |
Waist-to-hip ratio, mean ± SD | 0.85 ± 0.07 | 0.84 ± 0.07 | 0.87 ± 0.08 | < 0.01 |
Sagittal height, cm, median (IQR) | 19.3 (17.0-22.0) | 18.3 (16.5-21.0) | 19.8 (17.5-22.5) | <0.0001 |
Sum of skinfolds, median (IQR) | 108.8 (69.5-158.7) | 103.8 (64.4-164.1) | 111.5 (74.1-153.8) | 0.557 |
Calf skinfolds, median (IQR) | 14.6 (8.4 – 21.6) | 15.6 (9.3-22.6) | 13.4 (7.8-20.5) | 0.012 |