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Table 2 Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of 23 to 25-year-old adults of the Ribeirão Preto birth cohort (4th phase: 2002–2004) according to sex

From: Socioeconomic and demographic factors are associated with dietary patterns in a cohort of young Brazilian adults

Characteristics

Women (n = 1,062)

Men (n = 972)

 

Total (n = 2,034)

n (%)

n (%)

p value

n (%)

Skin color

   

White

731 (68.8)

618 (63.6)

0.086

1,349 (66.3)

Black

45 (4.3)

43 (4.4)

 

88 (4.3)

Mullato

272 (25.6)

295 (30.4)

 

567 (27.9)

Yellow

14 (1.3)

16 (1.7)

 

30 (1.5)

Schooling in adulthood (years)

   

0 – 8

156 (14.7)

158 (16.3)

0.173

314 (15.4)

9 – 11

521 (49.1)

499 (51.3)

 

1020 (50.2)

≥ 12

385 (36.2)

315 (32.4)

 

700 (34.4)

Maternal schooling at birth (years) a

   

0 – 4

477 (45.8)

432 (45.4)

0.598

909 (45.6)

5 – 8

296 (28.4)

251 (26.4)

 

547 (27.4)

9 – 11

163 (15.6)

162 (17.0)

 

325 (16.3)

≥ 12

106 (10.2)

107 (11.2)

 

213 (10.7)

Marital status

   

Married/Cohabiting

401 (37.8)

251 (25.8)

< 0.001

652 (32.1)

Single

661 (62.2)

721 (74.2)

 

1,382 (67.9)

Family income in adulthood (MW)

   

< 3.0

125 (11.8)

90 (9.3)

< 0.001

215 (10.6)

3.0 – 4.9

251 (23.6)

207 (21.3)

 

458 (22.5)

5.0 – 9.9

340 (32.0)

283 (29.1)

 

623 (30.6)

10.0 – 19.9

177 (16.7)

219 (22.5)

 

396 (19.5)

≥ 20.0

79 (7.4)

113 (11.6)

 

192 (9.4)

Missing

90 (8.5)

61 (6.2)

 

150 (7.4)

Family income at birth (MW)

   

≤ 1.0

168 (15.8)

137 (15.0)

0.198

305 (15.0)

1.1 – 3.0

307 (28.9)

289 (29.7)

 

596 (29.3)

3.1 – 6.0

200 (18.8)

207 (21.3)

 

407 (20.0)

6.1 – 10.0

86 (8.1)

86 (8.9)

 

172 (8.5)

> 10.0

92 (8.7)

96 (9.9)

 

188 (9.2)

Missing

209 (19.7)

157 (16.2)

 

366 (18.0)

Number of people in the household

   

1

19 (1.8)

16 (1.7)

0.795

35 (1.7)

2 – 4

712 (67.0)

640 (65.9)

 

1,352 (66.5)

≥ 5

331 (31.2)

316 (32.5)

 

647 (31.8)

Children in the household

   

Yes

708 (66.7)

774 (79.6)

< 0.001

1,482 (72,9)

No

354 (33.3)

198 (20.4)

 

552 (27,1)

Social mobility b

   

Poor – poor

171 (21.9)

135 (17.6)

0.138

306 (19.8)

Poor – not poor (ascending mobility)

144 (18.5)

149 (19.4)

 

293 (18.9)

Not poor – poor (descending mobility)

111 (14.2)

103 (13.4)

 

214 (13.8)

Not poor – not poor

354 (45.4)

381 (49.6)

 

735 (47.5)

  1. MW, minimum wages: monthly MW at birth in 1978 was equivalent to US$ 84.0, MW in 2003 was equivalent to US$ 89.8.
  2. p value based on the chi-square test.
  3. aTotal n = 1,994, n of men = 952, n of women = 1,042.
  4. bTotal n = 1,548, n of men = 768, n of women = 780.