Table 5 Overview of studies on Huntington disease and risk factors in sub-Sahara African countries
From: Epidemiology of neurodegenerative diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review
Author, year of publication | Country | Setting | Design/year of the study | Population characteristics | Diagnostic tool/criteria | Prevalence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hayden [141], 1977 | South Africa | Community | Cross-sectional | 26 cases (men 11); age 12–68 y. | Clinical | 3.5/100,000 |
Samuels [147], 1978 | Zimbabwe | Community | Case series | 1 family of HD | Clinical | NA |
4 cases (men 2) age 14–26 y. | ||||||
Glass [148], 1979 | South Africa | Community | Case series | 2 cases of HD (men 1) age 42-52 | Clinical | NA |
Hayden [142], 1980 | South Africa | Community/hospital | Cross-sectional, | 481 cases (m en 241) of whom 153 (m en 69) alive by the time of the study | Clinical | Overall: 0.65/100,000, Whites: 2.22/100,000, Mixed ancestry: 2.17/100,000, Blacks: 0 · 01/100,000 |
Scrimgeour [149], 1981 | Tanzania | Community | Case series | 11 cases, aged 25–80 y. | Clinical | NA |
Hayden [143], 1981 | Mauritius | Hospital | Cross-sectional | 2166 persons, 6 cases of HD (men 3) | Not provided | 46/100,000 |
Hayden [144], 1981 | South Africa | Hospital | Cross-sectional/NR | 17 children (onset before 20 y.) identified during a national survey among of 219 patients | Not provided | Overall: 0.6/100,000 |
Whites: 0.37/100,000 | ||||||
Mixed ancestry: 0.89/100,000 | ||||||
Blacks: No case | ||||||
Hayden [150], 1982 | South Africa | Community/hospital | Cross-sectional | 157 (men 71) individuals investigated and 328 (women 156, only 3 negro-Africans) deceased individuals with probably HD | Not specified | Combined white and black heterozygote frequency = 6 · 7 x 100,000 |
Scrimgeour [151], 1982 | Tanzania | Hospital | Case series (National registry) | 7 patients with chorea (1 aged 80 y.) and 50 potential patients with chorea in 23 families | Not specified | NA |
Mean age at onset: 36 y. | ||||||
Aiyesimoju [145], 1984 | Nigeria | Hospital | Cross sectional 1957-1982 | 2.1 million patients admitted to the hospital. | Not specified | HD: 0.2/100,000 |
4 cases (men 3) of HD aged 24–50 y at diagnosis. | ||||||
Stephany [146], 1984 | Senegal | Hospital | Cross sectional | 12370 patients seen in a neurologic clinic; 3 (men 2) with HD; age 31–64 y. | Family history | 24.2/100,000 |
All patients had movement disorders and neuropsychiatric features | ||||||
1960-1980 | ||||||
Joubert [136], 1988 | South Africa | Community/hospital | Cross-sectional 1983-1986 | 8 cases in hospital setting (n = 6. all men) and at home (n = 2); | Clinical/genetic testing/screening for Wilson disease | NA |
Age at onset: 8–47 y. | ||||||
Age at diagnosis: 13–50 y. | ||||||
Scrimgeour [152], 1992 | Zimbabwe | Hospital | Case series1991 | 11 cases in a 4 generation of a single family; 2 probable cases | Clinical | 0.5/100,000 |
Scrimgeour [153], 1995 | Sudan | Hospital | Case-report | 1 case of HD: A | Clinical/MRI | NA |
40 year old black Sudanese man | ||||||
Grunitzky [154], 1995 | Togo | Hospital | Case series | A family including 8 patients with HD and 67 at risk across 6 generations; mean age at onset: 33 y. | Not specified | NA |
Silber [137], 1998 | South Africa | Community | Case series | 5 families of HD including a total of 7 genetically confirmed cases of HD and 10 clinically suspect cases of HD | Clinical/genetic testing | NA |
Kabore [138], 2000 | Burkina-Faso | Hospital | Case series | 4 cases of HD; age at diagnosis 33–43 y. | Clinical/genetic testing | 0.04/100,000 |
Bardien [139], 2007 | South Africa | Hospital | Case series 2001-2005 | A family with HD like 2 | Clinical/genetic testing | 1 |
Total 39 family members | ||||||
13 had the disease | ||||||
Magazi [140], 2008 | South Africa | Hospital | Case series | 12 cases (men 6); age 25–52 y. | Clinical/genetic testing | NA |