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Table 3 Hierarchical, backward, linear multiple regression analysis between musculoskeletal pain, socio-demographic-, physical-, psychosocial factors, and mental health by gender (Final model: N Total  = 4290, N Males  = 2193, N Females  = 2163 )

From: Musculoskeletal pain in Arctic indigenous and non-indigenous adolescents, prevalence and associations with psychosocial factors: a population-based study

 

Musculoskeletal pain

 

Total sample

Males

Females

Variables

β

Step 1:

   

Gender

-.19**

-

-

Family income

-.07**

-.04p=.063

-.11**

R2

.041**

.002p=.063

.012**

Step 2:

   

Gender

-.19**

-

-

Family income

-.05*

-

-.08**

Physical activity

-

-

-

Sedentary activity

.08**

.07**

.08**

Self-rated health

-.18**

-.16**

-.20**

Physical injury

.08**

.09**

.06*

R2

.090**

.041**

.062**

Step 3:

   

Gender

-.13**

-

-

Family income

-

-

-

Sedentary activity

.04*

-

-

Self-rated health

-.12**

-.11**

-.13**

Physical injury

.05**

.06*

-

Resilience

-

-

-

Parental involvement

-

-

-

Parental support

-

-

-

Peer problems

.05**

-

.07**

School-related stress

.20**

.20**

.23**

Negative life events

.18**

.17**

.20**

R2

.187**

.120**

.179**

Step 4 (Final model):

   

Gender

-.07**

-

-

Sedentary activity

.04*

-

-

Self-rated health

-.08**

-.09**

-.08**

Physical injury

.06**

.07**

-

School-related stress

.12**

.13**

.13**

Negative life events

.13**

.11**

.15**

Conduct problems

.04*

.07**

-

Anxiety/depressiona

.23**

.15**

.26**

Help seeking behavior

-

-

-

R2

.214**

.140**

.218**

  1. Note: *p ≤ .01, **p ≤ .001.
  2. aHopkins Symptom Checklist-10.
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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