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Table 2 Prevalence of social determinants and lifestyle risk factors by food insecurity status

From: Social determinants and lifestyle risk factors only partially explain the higher prevalence of food insecurity among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders in the Australian state of Victoria: a cross-sectional study

 Independent variable

Food secure

Food insecure

Univariable analysis

Nb

Weighted% (95% CI)

Nb

Weighted% (95% CI)

Crude OR (95% CI)

p value

ATSI a status

  No

31,820

94.6 (94.2-95.0)

1,871

5.4 (5.0-5.8)

1.00

 

  Yes

280

82.3 (75.2-87.7)

59

20.3 (13.5-29.4)

4.5 (2.7-7.4)

<0.001

Age c and sex

  65+ years

9,355

97.7 (97.2-98.1)

201

2.3 (1.9-2.8)

1.00

 

  55-64 years

6,967

97.2 (96.7-97.6)

312

2.8 (2.4-3.3)

1.2 (0.9-1.6)

0.15

  45-54 years

6,190

94.6 (93.7-95.3)

481

5.4 (4.7-6.3)

2.4 (1.9-3.1)

<0.001

  35-44 years

5,320

93.3 (92.4-94.1)

485

6.7 (5.9-7.6)

3.0 (2.4-3.9)

<0.001

  25-34 years

2,902

91.9 (90.4-93.2)

314

8.1 (6.8-9.6)

3.7 (2.8-4.9)

<0.001

  18-24 years

1,436

92.5 (90.7-94.0)

149

7.5 (6.0-9.3)

3.4 (2.5-4.6)

<0.001

  Male

12,416

95.4 (94.7-96.0)

551

4.6 (4.0-5.3)

1.00

 

  Female

19,754

93.6 (93.0-94.1)

1,391

6.4 (5.9-7.0)

1.4 (1.2-1.7)

<0.001

Socioeconomic status d

  Greater than $80,000

6,711

98.1 (97.5-98.6)

100

1.9 (1.4-2.5)

1.00

 

  $60,001 - $80,000

3,692

96.8 (95.8-97.6)

103

3.2 (2.4-4.2)

1.7 (1.1-2.5)

0.01

  $40,001 - $60,000

4,646

94.2 (92.9-95.3)

224

5.8 (4.7-7.1)

3.2 (2.2-4.5)

<0.001

  $20,001 - $40,000

6,843

90.7 (89.4-92.0)

525

9.3 (8.0-10.6)

5.2 (3.8-7.3)

<0.001

  $20,000 or less

5,332

85.9 (84.2-87.5)

776

14.1 (12.5-15.8)

8.4 (6.1-11.6)

<0.001

Lifestyle risk factors

  Non or ex-smoker

26,918

96.1 (95.7-96.5)

1,079

3.9 (3.5-4.3)

1.00

 

  Smoker

5,119

87.6 (86.1-88.9)

856

12.4 (11.1-13.9)

3.5 (3.0-4.1)

<0.001

  Risky drinker - no

19,426

94.7 (94.1-95.2)

1,124

5.3 (4.8-5.9)

1.00

 

  Risky drinker - yes

12,528

94.2 (93.5-94.9)

805

5.8 (5.1-6.5)

1.1 (0.9-1.3)

0.29

  Not obese

24,131

95.1 (94.6-95.6)

1,246

4.9 (4.4-5.4)

1.00

 

  Obese

6,100

92.3 (91.1-93.3)

525

7.7 (6.7-8.9)

1.6 (1.4-2.0)

<0.001

Social support e

  Family - yes

29,434

95.2 (94.8-95.6)

1,460

4.8 (4.4-5.2)

1.00

 

  Family - no

2,598

85.2 (82.8-87.4)

466

14.8 (12.6-17.2)

3.5 (2.8-4.3)

<0.001

  Neighbours - yes

25,301

96.0 (95.5-96.3)

1,442

4.0 (3.7-4.5)

1.00

 

  Neighbours - no

5,899

90.4 (89.2-91.5)

731

9.6 (8.5-10.8)

2.5 (2.1-3.0)

<0.001

  Friends - yes

30,522

95.0 (94.6-95.4)

1,625

5.0 (4.6-5.4)

1.00

 

  Friends - no

1,424

84.0 (81.3-86.4)

302

16.0 (13.6-18.7)

3.6 (3.0-4.5)

<0.001

Household composition

  Not a lone parent

30,618

95.0 (94.6-95.4)

1,581

5.0 (4.6-5.4)

1.00

 

  Lone parent

1,431

82.5 (79.7-84.9)

350

17.5 (15.1-20.3)

4.0 (3.3-4.9)

<0.001

  Childless household

22,229

95.4 (94.8-95.8)

1,045

4.6 (4.2-5.2)

1.00

 

  Household with a child

9,851

93.1 (92.4-93.8)

890

6.9 (6.2-7.6)

1.5 (1.3-1.8)

<0.001

  Household sizef

32,170

 

1,942

 

1.1 (1.1-1.2)

<0.001

Geographic location

  Metropolitan

12,842

94.5 (93.9-95.0)

743

5.5 (5.0-6.1)

1.00

 

  Rural

19,328

94.5 (93.9-95.0)

1,199

5.5 (5.0-6.1)

1.0 (0.9-1.2)

0.99

  1. 95% CI = 95 per cent confidence interval, OR = odds ratio.
  2. aATSI = Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander.
  3. bN = raw unweighted sample size; however, prevalence and prevalence odds ratio estimates are based on weighted data.
  4. cMean age = 45.7 years (45.6-45.8); min = 18 years, max = 99.
  5. dTotal annual household income.
  6. eAbility to get help from family, neighbours or friends, when needed.
  7. fContinuous variable.
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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