From: Consumption of sweet foods and mammographic breast density: a cross-sectional study
 | Total n = 1555 | Premenopausal n = 776* | Postmenopausal n = 779** |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years), mean (SD) | 54.1 (9.4) | 46.7 (4.6) | 61.4 (6.8) |
Age at 1st full-term pregnancy (years), mean (SD)a | 25.7 (4.2) | 26.3 (4.2) | 25.2 (4.1) |
Body mass index (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 26.1 (4.7) | 25.2 (4.5) | 27.1 (4.7) |
Waist-to-hip ratio, mean (SD) | 0.8 (0.1) | 0.8 (0.1) | 0.8 (0.1) |
Age at menarche (years), mean (SD) | 12.7 (1.6) | 12.8 (1.6) | 12.7 (1.6) |
Alcohol intake (drinks/week), mean (SD) | 3.0 (4.1) | 3.4 (3.8) | 2.5 (4.4) |
Physical activity (MET-h/week), mean (SD) | 26.3 (22.8) | 27.0 (22.3) | 25.7 (23.4) |
Caloric intake (kcal/day), mean (SD) | 1941.1 (585.8) | 1911.5 (521.4) | 1970.6 (642.5) |
Percent density (%), mean (SD) | 30.2 (24.0) | 42.0 (24.4) | 18.5 (16.8) |
Absolute density (cm2), mean (SD) | 34.9 (27.7) | 46.5 (28.7) | 23.3 (21.0) |
Sugar-sweetened beveragesb (servings/week), mean (SD) | 2.0 (4.0) | 2.1 (4.4) | 1.9 (3.5) |
Sweet foodsc (servings/week), mean (SD) | 9.8 (9.7) | 7.7 (7.6) | 11.8 (11.0) |
Spoonsful of sugar addedd (servings/week), mean (SD) | 7.6 (11.0) | 6.9 (11.0) | 8.2 (10.9) |
Total of all sweet items (servings/week), mean (SD) | 19.3 (17.4) | 16.8 (15.3) | 21.9 (18.8) |
Parity (yes), n (%) | 1167 (75.1) | 584 (75.3) | 583 (74.8) |
Breastfeeding (yes), n (%)a | 532 (45.6) | 363 (62.2) | 169 (29.0) |
Use of hormonal therapy (yes), n (%) | 347 (22.4) | 45 (5.8) | 302 (39.1) |
Use of oral contraceptive (yes), n (%) | 1128 (72.7) | 712 (91.9) | 416 (53.5) |
Family history of breast cancer (yes), n (%) | 521 (33.5) | 284 (36.6) | 237 (30.4) |
Breast biopsy (yes), n (%) | 238 (15.3) | 112 (14.4) | 126 (16.2) |
Education (highest degree completed), n (%) | Â | Â | Â |
  Primary or less | 255 (16.4) | 51 (6.6) | 204 (26.2) |
  Secondary | 510 (32.8) | 242 (31.2) | 268 (34.4) |
  College | 304 (19.6) | 206 (26.6) | 98 (12.6) |
  University | 486 (31.3) | 277 (35.7) | 209 (26.8) |
Smoking status, n (%) | Â | Â | Â |
  Nonsmoker | 811 (52.2) | 354 (45.6) | 457 (58.7) |
  Ex-smoker | 524 (33.7) | 306 (39.4) | 218 (28.0) |
  Current smoker | 220 (14.1) | 116 (15.0) | 104 (13.4) |