Table 4 The association between food environment and dietary intake in studies using self-reported measures to capture food environment exposure
From: The community and consumer food environment and children’s diet: a systematic review
Author (Year) | Sample size (n) | Specific exposure reported | FF outcome | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Ding et al. [21] | 458 | Self-report proximity of NBH food outlets (healthful food outlets vs. less healthful food outlets) | Daily FV intake | FV intake was not significantly associated with community food environment. |
Veugelers et al. [42] | 5200 | Access to food stores from home (self –reported) | Diet quality index, daily servings of FV, energy from fat | Relative to NBHs with poorest access to shops, children with best access to shops consumed more FV (IR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.01-1.15), less dietary fat (IR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.33-0.78) and had a higher Diet Quality Index (DQI) (IR = 2.26, 95% CI 1.09-4.69). |
Ho et al. [26] | 24,796 | Self-reported presence of food outlets (FF, convenience stores and Western and Hong Kong style restaurants) near home within 5 minute walking | Consumption of 4 food groups: FF, junk food/soft drink, fruit, and vegetables | - Perceived availability of FF outlets and convenience stores positively associated with moderate/high consumptions of FF (ORff: 1.10; ORcon = 1.15) and junk food/soft drinks (ORff = 1.10; ORcon = 1.10). |
- Significant negative association between the perceived availability of restaurants with intakes of FV (ORveg = 0.87 and ORfruit = 0.83). - Positive relationship between reporting FF outlets with intake of junk food/soft drinks observed only in boys. | ||||
Wang & Shi [43] | 2004: 373 2006: 303 | Self-reported NBH density of food outlets within 5 km | Macronutrient and caloric intake | Density of wet markets positively associated with all four different measurements of nutrition intake. |