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Table 2 Beliefs about TB causation as described by 35 TB patients in Vanuatu: 2011-2012

From: Tuberculosis patients’ knowledge and beliefs about tuberculosis: a mixed methods study from the Pacific Island nation of Vanuatu

Description of cause*

Number

Percentage

Smoking

9

26

Food^

7

20

Kava

6

17

Alcohol

5

14

Hard work

4

11

Kastom

4

11

Poor nutrition

3

9

Coughing

2

6

Bacteria#

2

6

Sharing eating utensils

2

6

Stress and worry

2

6

Hereditary

2

6

Food prepared by a menstruating woman

1

3

Inadequate rest

1

3

Marijuana

1

3

Weakness

1

3

Skin infection

1

3

Accident followed by blood clots

1

3

  1. *The TB patients described more than one cause of TB.
  2. Therefore these percentages do not add up to 100.
  3. ^Two responses in the food category were about eating food that may have been forbidden or poisoned. Therefore these responses could also be included under kastom.
  4. #These responses indicated that the bacteria were either present in meat or feed off blood.