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Table 3 Outcomes and study design of selected studies

From: Health promotion interventions for increasing stroke awareness in ethnic minorities: a systematic review of the literature

ID

Study

Study design

Evaluation method

Reported effectivenessa

1

Boden Albala 2010 [44]

Randomized controlled trial (RCT)

Article reports only on protocol and baseline

Article reports only on protocol and baseline

2

Chan 2008 [45]

RCT

Pre-post test

Yes

3

Covington 2010 [46]

Case study

None

Not applicable

4

Dromerick 2011 [47]

RCT

Article reports only on protocol and baseline

Article reports only on protocol and baseline

5

Duraski 2006 [49]; Duraski 2003 [48]

Case study

Pre-post test

Yes

6

Duraski 2007 [50]

Case study

None

Not applicable

7

Frank 2008 [51]

Case study

Pre-post test

No

8

Kalenderian 2009 [53]

Case study

None

Not applicable

9

Kleindorfer 2008 [54]

Case study

Pre-post test

Yes

10

Miller 2003 [55]

Case study (repeated measures design with 3 groups)

Pre-post test

No effectiveness for treatment seeking behaviour (call EMS); unknown effectiveness for knowledge of stroke symptoms

11

Morgenstern 2007 [56]; Gonzales 2007 [52]; Mullen Conley 2010 [29]

RCT

Pre-post test

Yes for children; unknown for parents

12

Villablanca 2009 [57]

Case study

None (only for outcomes other than stroke symptoms)

Not applicable

13

Williams 2008 [58]

Case study

Pre-post test

Yes

14

Williams 2012 [59]

Case study

Pre-post test

Yes

15

Williamson 2009 [60]

Case study

None

Not applicable

  1. aEffectiveness of an intervention refers to its ability to improve the knowledge of stroke symptoms and the intention to call 999 in target populations.