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Table 4 Severe depression (odds ratios; 95% CI) by study year, sex, and parents’ unemployment and education

From: Self-reported depression is increasing among socio-economically disadvantaged adolescents – repeated cross-sectional surveys from Finland from 2000 to 2011

  2000–2001 2002–2003 2004–2005 2006–2007 2008–2009 2010–2011
Parents’ education and employment OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI)
Boys       
High education employed 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
High education unemployed 1.90 (1.57-2.30) 2.45 (2.03-2.96) 2.02 (1.69-2.41) 2.93 (2.48-3,46) 2.31 (1.97-2.71) 2.01 (1.70-2.38)
Medium education employed 0.88 (0.72-1.08) 0.88 (0.71-1.09) 0.86 (0.70-1.05) 1.10 (0.91-1.33) 0.83 (0.67-1.03) 0.83 (0.67-1.02)
Medium education unemployed 1.32 (1.06-1.64) 1.75 (1.42-2.17) 1.89 (1.54-2.32) 2.76 (2.26-3.37) 2.29 (1.87-2.79) 1.55 (1.24-1.92)
Low education employed 1.36 (1.01-1.83) 2.23 (1.71-2.91) 1.81 (1.38-2.41) 1.83 (1.34-2.50) 2.86 (2.16-3.79) 1.84 (1.37-2.47)
Low education unemployed 4.49 (3.56-5.67) 8.06 (6.45-10.10) 6.88 (5.54-8.53) 12.50 (10.10-15.30) 11.70 (9.39-14.50) 9.93 (8.21-12.00)
N 47586 50774 53057 54315 54132 51116
Girls       
High education employed 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
High education unemployed 2.03 (1.73-2.38) 2.14 (1.83-2.51) 2.30 (2.02-2.62) 2.10 (1.84-2.40) 2.12 (1.87-2.39) 2.01 (1.78-2.26)
Medium education employed 0.88 (0.72-1.08) 0.88 (0.71-1.09) 0.86 (0.70-1.05) 1.10 (0.91-1.33) 0.83 (0.67-1.03) 0.83 (0.67-1.02)
Medium education unemployed 1.32 (1.06-1.64) 1.75 (1.42-2.17) 1.89 (1.54-2.32) 2.76 (2.26-3.37) 2.29 (1.87-2.79) 1.55 (1.24-1.92)
Low education employed 1.36 (1.01-1.83) 2.23 (1.71-2.91) 1.81 (1.38-2.41) 1.83 (1.34-2.50) 2.86 (2.16-3.79) 1.84 (1.37-2.47)
Low education unemployed 2.93 (2.37-3.62) 3.44 (2.74-4.31) 4.01 (3.27-4.91) 4.18 (3.37-5.18) 5.47 (4.44-6.74) 4.86 (4.11-5.74)
N 47049 49236 51713 54005 54035 51066
  1. Reference group: employed parents with high education.
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