From: Snacking patterns, diet quality, and cardiovascular risk factors in adults
 | Snacking patterns* | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CVRF+odds ratio (LCL, UCL)** | Misc. snacks (n = 3,230) | Cakes/Cookies/Pastries (n = 2,180) | Sweets (n = 1,495) | Vegetables/Legumes (n = 1,524) | Alcohol (n = 1,572) | Milk desserts (n = 1,355) | Crackers/Salty snacks (n = 1,293) | Soft drinks (n = 1,088) | Other grains (n = 1,190) | Whole fruit (n = 913) | Coffee/Tea (n = 295) |
Elevated BP | 1.04 (0.82, 1.31) | 0.89 (0.68, 1.16) | 1.02 (0.76, 1.37) | 1.09 (0.77, 1.53) | 0.85 (0.59, 1.23) | 1.04 (0.78, 1.39) | 1.13 (0.79, 1.61) | 1.09 (0.75, 1.60) | 0.98 (0.67, 1.43) | 0.94 (0.64, 1.37) | 0.97 (0.58, 1.61) |
Elevated Glucose | 1.08 (0.75, 1.55) | 1.06 (0.74, 1.52) | 0.87 (0.57, 1.34) | 1.34 (0.96, 1.88) | 0.86 (0.56, 1.34) | 1.16 (0.78, 1.71) | 1.01 (0.63, 1.60) | 0.89 (0.55, 1.45) | 1.30 (0.81, 2.09) | 1.30 (0.73, 2.32) | 0.58 (0.31, 1.11) |
Elevated LDL-C | 0.84 (0.61, 1.16) | 1.02 (0.71, 1.45) | 0.99 (0.70, 1.40) | 1.12 (0.80, 1.58) | 0.84 (0.53, 1.33) | 0.97 (0.65, 1.44) | 0.87 (0.56, 1.36) | 1.13 (0.70, 1.82) | 0.90 (0.53, 1.52) | 0.93 (0.61, 1.42) | 1.04 (0.53, 2.02) |
Decreased HDL-C | 0.96 (0.77, 1.19) | 0.94 (0.74, 1.20) | 1.23 (0.95, 1.59) | 0.89 (0.68, 1.17) | 0.88 (0.60, 1.29) | 0.97 (0.73, 1.30) | 1.08 (0.85, 1.37) | 1.40 (0.98, 1.99) | 0.94 (0.68, 1.31) | 1.08 (0.81, 1.44) | 1.15 (0.63, 2.11) |
Elevated TAG | 1.00 (0.73, 1.37) | 0.89 (0.64, 1.23) | 1.10 (0.75, 1.63) | 0.97 (0.67, 1.40) | 0.89 (0.58, 1.36) | 0.85 (0.61, 1.19) | 1.09 (0.72, 1.65) | 1.29 (0.85, 1.98) | 1.00 (0.62, 1.60) | 0.89 (0.58, 1.36) | 0.94 (0.45, 1.93) |
Elevated WC | 0.95 (0.77, 1.17) | 0.87 (0.67, 1.13) | 0.93 (0.70, 1.25) | 0.88 (0.61, 1.26) | 0.74 (0.55, 1.00) | 0.92 (0.70, 1.21) | 0.99 (0.75, 1.29) | 1.03 (0.75, 1.41) | 1.04 (0.75, 1.45) | 0.69 (0.46, 1.02) | 0.92 (0.50, 1.68) |
Elevated OB | 0.97 (0.78, 1.22) | 0.91 (0.73, 1.15) | 0.95 (0.74, 1.21) | 0.89 (0.67, 1.18) | 0.85 (0.60, 1.19) | 0.97 (0.72, 1.29) | 1.04 (0.81, 1.33) | 1.03 (0.76, 1.39) | 0.92 (0.69, 1.22) | 0.91 (0.66, 1.24) | 0.85 (0.54, 1.34) |
Elevated OW | 0.99 (0.80, 1.23) | 1.09 (0.86, 1.38) | 0.96 (0.72, 1.26) | 1.00 (0.78, 1.29) | 0.99 (0.75, 1.30) | 1.02 (0.79, 1.32) | 1.00 (0.76, 1.33) | 1.00 (0.77, 1.32) | 0.96 (0.76, 1.23) | 0.94 (0.68, 1.29) | 1.29 (0.80, 2.07) |
Elevated OW/OB | 0.95 (0.76, 1.20) | 0.99 (0.76, 1.29) | 0.91 (0.68, 1.21) | 0.89 (0.66, 1.19) | 0.84 (0.61, 1.16) | 0.99 (0.77, 1.27) | 1.05 (0.78, 1.39) | 1.03 (0.75, 1.41) | 0.88 (0.64, 1.21) | 0.84 (0.60, 1.17) | 1.12 (0.64, 1.96) |