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Table 2 Perception and control of 20 environmental health risks and association (perception and control) of variables with air pollution perception

From: Industrial air pollution in rural Kenya: community awareness, risk perception and associations between risk variables

Risk factors

Perception of risk and control

Association with air pollution perception ( p-value)

Reporting medium or high risk

Reporting medium or high control

Perception of risk

Perception of control

Overpopulation

218 (63%)

212 (62%)

<0.001*

0.185

Destruction of Forests

254 (75%)

211 64%)

0.028*

0.451

Water Pollution

235 (68%)

214 (64%)

<0.001*

0.118

Air Pollution

275 (82%)

156 (48%)

-

<0.001*

Industrial Noise

246 (73%)

144 (44%)

<0.001*

0.526

Industrial Odor

271 (81%)

157 (48%)

<0.001*

0.453

Industrial Dust/Smoke

271 (82%)

168 (53%)

<0.001*

0.288

Motor Vehicle Accidents

233 (70%)

180 (57%)

0.040*

0.288

Motor Vehicle Pollution

197 (61%)

176 (55%)

<0.001*

0.561

Poor Housing

209 (65%)

200 (63%)

<0.001*

0.036*

Cooking with Firewood

191 (57%)

178 (55%)

0.113

0.515

Agricultural Chemicals

187 (56%)

188 (58%)

<0.001*

0.454

Waste/Plastic Bags

215 (66%)

200 (63%)

0.003*

0.230

Cigarette smoking

270 (80%)

235 (72%)

0.019*

0.560

Working Conditions

194 (62%)

167 (55%)

<0.001*

0.284

HIV/AIDS

269 (80%)

217 (67%)

0.002*

0.320

Drought

189 (58%)

169 (55%)

0.341

0.297

Famine

205 (63%)

183 (59%)

0.010*

0.057

Flooding

104 (33%)

171 (57%)

0.106

0.507

Soil Erosion

166 (51%)

214 (68%)

0.055

0.513

  1. *p-value ≤ 0.05.