Table 2 Frequency measures for covariates by study site
| Â | Kingston | St Hyacinthe | Tirana | Manizales | Natal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 212) | (n = 210) | (n = 206) | (n = 202) | (n = 210) | |
Socio-demographic characteristics | |||||
Age, mean (SD), yr | 69.1 (2.6) | 68.6 (2.6) | 69.2 (3.1) | 69.3 (3.0) | 69.3 (2.7) |
≤8 yr education, n (%) | 4 (2.6%) | 45 (21.4%) | 97 (47.1%) | 172 (85.2%) | 190 (90.5%) |
Childhood economic adversity, mean (SD)1 | 1.0 (0.8) | 1.3 (0.7) | 1.6 (1.0) | 1.5 (0.8) | 2.0 (0.9) |
Chronic Conditions 2 | |||||
Diabetes, n (%) | 23 (10.9%) | 34 (16.3%) | 60 (29.4%) | 33 (16.3%) | 66 (31.4%) |
Stroke, n (%) | 11 (5.2%) | 11 (5.2%) | 7 (3.4%) | 12 (5.9%) | 17 (8.1%) |
Arthritis, n (%) | 129 (60.9%) | 116 (55.2%) | 135 (65.5%) | 79 (39.1%) | 106 (50.5%) |
Cancer, n (%) | 36 (17.0%) | 31 (14.8%) | 5 (2.4%) | 7 (3.5%) | 8 (3.8%) |
Chronic lung disease, n (%) | 30 (14.2%) | 26 (12.4%) | 31 (15.1%) | 34 (16.8%) | 18 (8.6%) |
Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 34 (16.0%) | 35 (16. 7%) | 59 (28.6%) | 33 (16.3%) | 36 (17.1%) |
Osteoporosis, n (%) | 50 (24.1%) | 52 (24.8%) | 83 (40.3%) | 45 (22.3%) | 102 (48.6%) |
High blood pressure, n (%) | 89 (42.0%) | 98 (46.7%) | 152 (73.8%) | 124 (61.4%) | 155 (73.8%) |
Outcome 3 | |||||
SPPB, mean (SD) | 10.2 (2.0) | 10.0 (1.7) | 8.4 (3.0) | 9.4 (1.9) | 8.4 (2.4) |
SPPB ≤ 8, n (%)4 | 31 (14.6%) | 32 (15.2%) | 83 (40.3%) | 50 (25.9%) | 93 (44.3%) |