Metropolitan-level ethnic residential segregation, racial identity, and body mass index among U.S. Hispanic adults: a multilevel cross-sectional study

Table 4 Gender-stratified adjusted mean differences (standard error) in body mass index among Hispanics in the 2003–2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)

	Men (n = 22,901)		Women (n = 37,335)
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 1	Model 2
Hispanic isolation index	0.06 (0.12)	0.11 (0.13)	0.19 (0.11)*	0.07 (0.11)
Race
Hispanic black	0.22 (0.26)	0.17 (0.26)	1.43 (0.31)**	1.39 (0.30)**
Hispanics who identified as some other race	0.26(0.10)**	0.29 (0.11)**	0.72 (0.11)**	0.55 (0.10)**
Hispanic white	ref	ref	ref	ref
Language of exam
Non-English		−0.87 (0.12)*		−0.10 (0.14)
English		ref		ref
Education
Less than high school		0.54 (0.14)**		2.19 (0.16)**
High school		0.57 (0.12)**		1.11 (0.10)**
More than high school		ref		ref

*P < 0.10; **P < 0.05.
All models are adjusted for age, age², MMSA-level poverty, and MMSA population size.
Abbreviation: MMSA = metropolitan or micropolitan statistical area.

ISSN: 1471-2458