Table 3 Characteristics of the study participants according to sleep duration categories; values are mean ± SD

(n = 261)

(n = 576)

(n = 2352)

13.74 ± 1.12^a

13.69 ± 1.08^a

13.35 ± 1.11

<0.001

58.34 ± 12.99^a

57.78 ± 12.53^a

54.24 ± 13.07

<0.001

169.30 ± 11.92^a

168.88 ± 10.79^a

165.88 ± 11.43

<0.001

20.16 ± 3.01^a

20.08 ± 3.06^a

19.49 ± 3.16

<0.001

124.54 ± 15.32^a

126.47 ± 15.93^a

120.47 ± 15.84

<0.001

65.87 ± 8.43^a

66.18 ± 8.23^a

64.83 ± 7.65

<0.001

(n = 343)

(n = 878)

(n = 2530)

13.75 ± 1.11^a

13.74 ± 1.05^a

13.29 ± 1.08

<0.001

55.61 ± 11.13^a,b

53.96 ± 10.49^a

50.60 ± 10.39

<0.001

165.07 ± 6.56^a

164.17 ± 7.92^a

162.08 ± 8.00

<0.001

20.33 ± 3.53^a

19.93 ± 3.09^a

19.16 ± 3.17

<0.001

119.84 ± 13.07^a,b

117.38 ± 12.54^a

113.91 ± 11.62

<0.001

68.62 ± 8.26^a,b

66.97 ± 7.85^a

65.24 ± 7.41

<0.001

(n = 604)

(n = 1454)

(n = 4882)

13.74 ± 1.12^a

13.72 ± 1.06^a

13.32 ± 1.10

<0.001

56.79 ± 12.03^a,b

55.47 ± 11.49^a

52.36 ± 11.89

<0.001

166.90 ± 9.49^a

166.03 ± 9.45^a

163.91 ± 9.98

<0.001

20.26 ± 3.32^a

19.99 ± 3.08^a

19.32 ± 3.17

<0.001

121.87 ± 14.27^a

120.98 ± 14.67^a

117.07 ± 14.20

<0.001

67.43 ± 8.44^a,b

66.66 ± 8.01^a

65.04 ± 7.53

<0.001