|
Government care exposure
| | | |
---|
Characteristic
|
Yes
|
No
|
Odds ratio, (95% CIa)
|
p-value
|
Adjusted odds ratio, (95% CIa)
|
p-value
|
---|
n = 455, n(%)
|
n = 482 n(%)
|
---|
Age at first substance use
|
15b
|
16b
|
1.12 (1.06 – 1.18)
|
<0.001
|
1.10 (1.05 – 1.16)
|
<0.001
|
Per year younger
|
(13–16)c
|
(14–17)c
| | | | |
Gender
| | | | | | |
Female vs. Male
|
157 (35)
|
135 (28)
|
1.35 (1.03 – 1.79)
|
0.032
| | |
Aboriginal ancestry
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
139 (31)
|
85 (18)
|
2.05 (1.51 – 2.80)
|
<0.001
|
2.07 (1.50 – 2.85)
|
<0.001
|
High school incompletion
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
375 (82)
|
346 (72)
|
1.84 (1.35 – 2.52)
|
<0.001
|
1.40 (1.00 – 1.95)
|
0.049
|
Parental alcohol/ Substance use
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
354 (78)
|
320 (66)
|
1.77 (1.33 – 2.37)
|
<0.001
|
1.48 (1.09 – 2.01)
|
0.012
|
Lives in the DTES
d
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
124 (27)
|
139 (29)
|
0.92 (0.70 – 1.23)
|
0.590
| | |
Homeless
d
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
349 (77)
|
352 (73)
|
1.22 (0.90 – 1.64)
|
0.200
| | |
Injection substance use
d
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
132 (29)
|
150 (31)
|
0.91 (0.68 - 1.20)
|
0.482
| | |
Daily heroin use
d, e
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
49 (11)
|
68 (14)
|
0.74 (0.50 – 1.09)
|
0.123
| | |
Daily cocaine use
e
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
19 (4)
|
21 (4)
|
0.96 (0.51 – 1.80)
|
0.891
| | |
Daily crack use
d
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
85 (19)
|
87 (18)
|
1.04 (0.75 – 1.45)
|
0.803
| | |
Daily crystal meth use
e
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
72 (16)
|
54 (11)
|
1.49 (1.02 – 2.18)
|
0.039
| | |
Drug overdose
d
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
58 (13)
|
46 (10)
|
1.39 (0.92 – 2.09)
|
0.120
| | |
Hepatitis C positive
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
90 (20)
|
64 (13)
|
1.61 (1.14 – 2.29)
|
0.008
|
1.36 (0.94 – 1.97)
|
0.099
|
Syringe sharing
d
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
38 (8)
|
37 (8)
|
1.10 (0.68 – 1.76)
|
0.703
| | |
Victim of violence
d
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
214 (47)
|
210 (44)
|
1.15 (0.89 – 1.49)
|
0.287
| | |
Incarcerated
d
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
96 (21)
|
86 (18)
|
1.23 (0.89 – 1.70)
|
0.208
| | |
Physical abuse
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
413 (91)
|
397 (82)
|
2.11 (1.42 – 3.12)
|
<0.001
|
1.90 (1.22 – 2.96)
|
0.005
|
Sexual abuse
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
345 (76)
|
317 (66)
|
1.63 (1.23 – 2.17)
|
<0.001
|
1.29 (0.93 – 1.78)
|
0.124
|
Sex work
d
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
54 (12)
|
43 (9)
|
1.38 (0.90 – 2.10)
|
0.140
| | |
Drug dealing
d
| | | | | | |
Yes vs. No
|
254 (56)
|
255 (53)
|
1.13 (0.87 – 1.46)
|
0.370
| | |
- Note: aCI = Confidence Interval; bMedian; cInterquartile Range; dRefers to activities in the past six months; eInjection and Non-injection.