Table 4 Robustness check: adjusted hazard ratios for the association between stratified onset age of smoking and diabetes using United States NHANES 2009-2010 with limited # of variables

Smoking Onset Age

Never Smoked

1.00

1.00

≥26 years

1.04 (0.55-1.98)

0.887

1.23 (0.63-2.44)

0.522

21–25 years

1.36 (0.66-2.79)

0.381

0.81 (0.44-1.55)

0.520

16–20 years

1.38 (1.00-1.91)

0.050

1.39 (0.95-2.05)

0.082

<16 years

1.49 (1.08-2.06)

0.018

1.67 (0.87-3.23)

0.117

Smoking Pack-year [10 pack year]*

1.08 (1.02-1.14)

0.001

1.03 (0.95-1.13)

0.508

Age (Years)

1.06 (1.06-1.08)

<.0001

1.07 (1.06-1.08)

<.0001

BMI (kg/m ² )

1.10 (1.07-1.13)

<.0001

1.08 (1.07-1.10)

<.0001

Family Income Percentile

<25 %

1.00

1.00

26 % –50 %

1.03 (0.72-1.47)

0.843

1.22 (0.89-1.68)

0.207

51 % –75 %

0.98 (0.60-1.59)

0.925

0.87 (0.52-1.46)

0.570

>75 %

0.93 (0.70-1.24)

0.611

0.81 (0.42-1.56)

0.503

Race

Non-Hispanic White

1

1

Mexican American

1.97 (1.25-3.11)

0.006

2.48 (1.76-3.49)

<.0001

Other Hispanic

2.16 (1.36-3.57)

0.005

2.63 (1.39-4.95)

0.005

Non-Hispanic Black

1.89 (1.19-3.02)

0.010

1.96 (1.36-2.83)

0.001

Other Race (Including Multiracial)

2.96 (1.82-4.79)

<.0001

3.91 (2.13-7.19)

<.0001

N

4,747

4,783

Estimated number of Population

139,060,000

144,740,000