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Table 3 Average intakes of vitamins and minerals and comparison with recommended intakes

From: A study of the dietary intake of Cypriot children and adolescents aged 6–18 years and the association of mother’s educational status and children’s weight status on adherence to nutritional recommendations

  Age group (years)
  6.0-8.9 9.0-13.9 14.0-18.9
  Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls
(n = 162) (n = 158) (n = 211) (n = 314) (n = 173) (n = 396)
Vitamin A (μg RE/day) 958.4 ± 500.8 975.1 ± 452.3 884.6 ± 429.4 872.2 ± 502.1 978.5 ± 621.2 856.0 ± 545.4
  % < EAR 1.9 1.9 15.2 12.4 35.8 25.3**
  % > UL 43.8 51.9 5.2 5.7 1.2 0.8
Vitamin C (mg/day) 90.3 ± 54.3 90.8 ± 52.1 99.9 ± 65.6 86.3 ± 52.1 92.3 ± 57.7 93.2 ± 66.8
  % < EAR 4.3 3.2 15.6 17.2 35.8 32.8
Vitamin B1 (mg/day) 1.4 ± 0.4 1.4 ± 0.4 1.5 ± 0.4 1.4 ± 0.5 1.8 ± 0.6 1.3 ± 0.5
  % < EAR 0 0 5.2 7.0 9.8 15.4
Vitamin B2 (mg/day) 2.0 ± 0.6 1.9 ± 0.5 1.8 ± 0.5 1.8 ± 0.6 2.0 ± 0.6 1.7 ± 0.6
  % < EAR 0.6 0 2.4 2.9 8.7 7.6
Vitamin B6 (mg/day) 1.5 ± 0.5 1.5 ± 0.5 2.6 ± 0.5 1.4 ± 0.5 1.7 ± 0.5 1.4 ± 0.5
  % < EAR 0.6 0.6 6.2 8.6 12.7 21.0*
Calcium (mg/day) 956.9 ± 294.4 930.3 ± 254.0 928.9 ± 285.0 875.7 ± 275.0 1027.9 ± 358.6 858.9 ± 320.4
895.7 (368.5) 934.6 (331.0) 914.8 (428.8) 855.7 (352.1) 1009.8 (466.8) 841.6 (427.3)
Iron (mg/day) 11.4 ± 3.3 10.9 ± 2.8 11.5 ± 2.6 10.7 ± 3.01 13.0 ± 3.6 10.4 ± 2.7
Prevalence of inadequacy (%) 2.2 2.4 2.5 5.7 6.9 25.3**
Phosphorus (mg/day) 1261.0 ± 242.4 1233.8 ± 230.0 1296.1 ± 282.8 1201.7 ± 269.8 1492.5 ± 366.7 1188.5 ± 310.8
  % < EAR 0 0 17.5 28.3* 0 0
Magnesium (mg/day) 222.6 ± 56.3 218.7 ± 54.0 231.0 ± 69.3 211.6 ± 59.8 259.3 ± 77.5 213.7 ± 67.2
  % < EAR 1.9 0.6 32.7 43.9* 85.0 89.9
  % > UL 2.5 1.3 2.8 1.3 5.2 0.3**
Potassium (mg/day) 2336.7 ± 583.4 2310.7 ± 540.3 2364.2 ± 644.9 2166.3 ± 579.7 2514.7 ± 701.4 2157.5 ± 695.9
2269.6 (762.9) 2299.0 (717.0) 2326.5 (919.4) 2139.0 (752.0) 2526.4 (1082.2) 2109.8 (936.5)
Sodium (mg/day) 2331.0 ± 566.3 2283.3 ± 538.1 2514.9 ± 617.2 2288.5 ± 593.5 2923.9 ± 856.3 2294.3 ± 685.6
  % > UL 78.4 71.5 69.2 53.5** 76.3 47.5**
  1. Values are mean ± SD or median (Interquartile Range) or % of participants.
  2. RE = retinol equivalents, *p < 0.05,**p < 0.001 in comparison to boys of the same age-group.
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